ISRO's Aditya-L1 mission is India's first dedicated solar observatory, launched on September 2, 2023, with the objective of studying the Sun's outer layers and monitoring solar activities, including Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). Positioned at the L1 Lagrange point, approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, Aditya-L1 has the unique capability to continuously observe the Sun without interruptions caused by Earth's atmosphere or shadowing effects.

The spacecraft carries seven distinct payloads designed for multi-wavelength observations. These include:

Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC)
Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT)
Aditya Solar Wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX)
Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya (PAPA)
Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS)
High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS)
Magnetometer

The mission aims to, Study the dynamics and heating of the Sun's corona and chromosphere. Investigate the origins and characteristics of CMEs.

Monitor solar wind and its impact on space weather, which affects satellite operations and communication systems on Earth.

Tracking Coronal Mass Ejections

Aditya-L1 has successfully detected the impacts of CMEs using its payloads. For instance, the Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya has been instrumental in observing solar wind conditions influenced by CMEs. These observations are crucial for understanding how solar eruptions affect space weather and can help predict geomagnetic storms that may impact Earth.

The mission is significant not only for enhancing scientific understanding of solar phenomena but also for improving space weather prediction models. This can lead to better preparedness for potential disruptions in satellite operations, navigation systems, and power grids due to solar activities. Additionally, Aditya-L1 fosters international collaboration by sharing data with global space agencies, contributing to a collective understanding of solar dynamics.

ISRO's Aditya-L1 mission represents a major advancement in solar research, providing vital data on solar activities such as CMEs and their implications for space weather.