The Pinaka system is a multi-barrel rocket launcher (MBRL) developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to enhance the artillery capabilities of the Indian Army. Named after Lord Shiva's divine bow, the Pinaka system was designed to replace older Russian systems like the Grad BM-21 and has been instrumental in modernizing India's artillery forces.

Key Features of The Pinaka System

The Pinaka was developed in the late 1980s and has undergone several enhancements since its initial deployment during the Kargil War in 1999. It is produced by various Indian companies, including Tata, Larsen and Toubro, and Ordnance Factory Board, under the "Make in India" initiative.

The Pinaka system has been developed through collaboration between the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and various Indian private companies, such as Tata Power SED and Larsen & Toubro. These partnerships have facilitated the production of critical components like rocket casings and guidance systems, showcasing the potential of private enterprises in defence manufacturing.

By developing the Pinaka system domestically, India has reduced its dependency on foreign technology and imports, thus ensuring technological autonomy. This shift promotes technological self-reliance in crucial areas such as rocket propulsion and artillery technology, aligning with the broader goals of the "Make in India" initiative.

The design of the Pinaka system allows for customization and tailor solutions to meet the specific operational requirements of the Indian Armed Forces. This adaptability ensures that the system is well-suited to India's unique geographical and strategic challenges, reducing reliance on standardized foreign solutions.

Specifications

Range: The Pinaka system has multiple variants with ranges from 38 km for the original model to up to 90 km for the Mark-II Enhanced version. Future developments aim to extend this range further, potentially reaching up to 300 km.

Firing Capability: Each launcher can fire a salvo of 12 rockets within 44 seconds, covering a target area of approximately 1,000 m × 800 m. This rapid-fire capability allows for significant damage over a wide area in a short time.

Multiple Launch Capability: The Pinaka system can launch a salvo of 12 rockets in just 44 seconds, demonstrating its rapid-fire capability which is crucial in combat situations.

Mobility: The system is mounted on Tatra trucks, providing it with high mobility on various terrains, which is crucial for modern warfare scenarios where rapid repositioning is necessary to avoid counter-battery fire.

Guidance and Precision: The guided versions incorporate satellite guidance systems, improving targeting accuracy and reducing collateral damage, which is essential for modern warfare. Recent advancements have led to the development of guided versions of the Pinaka, increasing its accuracy and effectiveness against specific targets. These guided systems are capable of precision strikes and are undergoing trials to validate their performance.

Versatile Payload Options: Pinaka rockets can carry various warheads, including high explosives, incendiary devices, and anti-tank bomblets, allowing for engagement of multiple target types.

Rapid Deployment And Reloading: The system is designed for quick deployment and reloading, enhancing its effectiveness in fast-paced combat environments.

Modular Design: Its modular structure allows compatibility with advanced technologies, making it suitable for network-centric warfare scenarios.

Operational Use

The Pinaka system has been actively used by the Indian Army, particularly noted for its effectiveness during the Kargil War. It has since been inducted into service in large numbers, with plans for additional regiments to replace older artillery systems as they are phased out. Currently, there are around ten regiments equipped with Pinaka systems, with ongoing orders to expand this capability further.

Global Interest

Recently, international interest in the Pinaka system has surged, particularly from countries like Armenia and France. The French Army is currently evaluating the Pinaka for potential inclusion in their arsenal, highlighting India's growing reputation as a significant arms producer on the global stage. This interest reflects broader trends in defence cooperation between India and other nations, emphasizing India's strategic importance as a defence supplier.

The Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher represents a significant advancement in India's artillery capabilities, combining indigenous technology with modern warfare requirements. Its ongoing development and international interest underscore its role as a key component of India's defence strategy.