Defence Acquisition Council Approves Record ₹2.38 Lakh Crores Arsenal, Boosting S-400, Drones, And Indigenous Firepower

The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, has approved a sweeping set of defence proposals valued at approximately ₹2.38 lakh crore, announced PIB.

This landmark decision underscores the Indian government's commitment to bolstering military capabilities amid evolving regional security challenges.

Among the key approvals is the procurement of the S-400 long-range surface-to-air missile system for the Indian Air Force (IAF). This advanced air defence platform, already partially inducted from Russia, enhances India's layered missile defence architecture, capable of engaging aerial threats at ranges up to 400 km.

The DAC also greenlit the overhaul of Su-30 aero engine aggregates, critical for sustaining the IAF's backbone fleet of Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighters. This maintenance initiative will extend the operational life of these multi-role aircraft, ensuring high availability rates without dependency on foreign overhauls.

For the Indian Army, approvals include the Air Defence Tracked System, a mobile platform designed to neutralise low-flying aircraft and drones, addressing gaps in short-range air defence exposed in recent conflicts.

Armoured Piercing Tank Ammunition has been cleared, vital for upgrading the firepower of main battle tanks like the T-90 and Arjun. This ammunition penetrates modern reactive armour, enhancing anti-tank capabilities against armoured threats from neighbouring adversaries.

The High Capacity Radio Relay system will modernise battlefield communications, providing secure, high-bandwidth data links for real-time command and control across diverse terrains.

The Dhanush Gun System, an indigenous 155mm/45 calibre howitzer, receives further procurement nods. Developed by the Ordnance Factory Board, it bolsters artillery mobility and precision strikes, aligning with the Atmanirbhar Bharat push for self-reliance.

Additionally, the Runway Independent Aerial Surveillance System equips the Army with versatile UAVs for persistent surveillance, operable from unprepared sites, ideal for forward areas along contested borders.

Shifting to the IAF, the Medium Transport Aircraft (MTA) procurement replaces ageing An-32 and Il-76 fleets. These new aircraft will fulfil strategic airlift needs, enabling rapid troop and equipment deployment over long distances.

Remotely Piloted Strike Aircraft, likely advanced UCAVs, mark a leap in unmanned combat capabilities. They will enable precision strikes deep into enemy territory, reducing risks to pilots in high-threat environments.

For maritime forces, Heavy Duty Air Cushion Vehicles (Hovercraft) have been approved. These versatile platforms support high-speed coastal patrols, reconnaissance, search and rescue, and logistics in littoral zones, enhancing the Navy's amphibious operations.

These approvals form part of a record-breaking fiscal year for defence acquisitions. In FY26, the DAC has issued Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for 55 proposals totalling ₹6.73 lakh Crores.

Capital procurement contracts signed so far in the current fiscal stand at 503 proposals worth ₹2.28 lakh Crores—the highest ever in any single year. This surge reflects accelerated indigenisation and private sector involvement.

The S-400 integration, in particular, strengthens India's deterrence against aerial incursions, complementing systems like Akash and MRSAM. Amid tensions with China and Pakistan, it fortifies air superiority.

Unmanned Combat Jets and strike drones signal a pivot towards network-centric warfare, integrating AI and swarm tactics for future battlefields.

Procurements like Dhanush and MTA emphasise indigenous manufacturing, with offsets mandating technology transfers and local production, reducing import reliance from over 70% to targeted levels below 50% by 2027.

Challenges persist, including execution timelines and integration with legacy systems. However, the DAC's proactive stance positions India as a formidable defence power. This wave of approvals not only plugs capability voids but also stimulates the domestic industry, generating jobs and fostering innovation in aerospace and defence sectors.

PIB

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India Bolsters Air Defence With ₹445 Crore Tunguska Missile System Deal From Russia

The Ministry of Defence marked a significant step forward in bolstering India's air and maritime defence on Friday by signing contracts valued at ₹858 crore. This move underscores the government's commitment to modernising the armed forces amid evolving regional security challenges.

The agreements were formalised at Kartavya Bhawan-2 in New Delhi, with Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh and other senior officials in attendance. These pacts represent a strategic infusion of advanced weaponry into India's defence arsenal.

A key component of the contracts is the procurement of the Tunguska Air Defence Missile System, valued at ₹445 crore, from Russia's JSC Rosoboronexport. This system is renowned for its dual-capability in both missile and gun-based interception.

The Tunguska, designated as the 2K22 in Russian nomenclature, integrates a pair of 30mm twin-barrel autocannons with eight surface-to-air missiles. It excels in engaging low-flying threats such as aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), drones, helicopters, and cruise missiles at ranges up to 10 kilometres.

This acquisition will fortify India's multi-layered air defence network, particularly in vulnerable forward areas. The system's mobility, mounted on tracked chassis, allows rapid deployment, enhancing responsiveness against saturation attacks.

Indo-Russian defence ties, a cornerstone of India's military procurement for decades, receive fresh impetus through this deal. Despite diversification efforts under Atmanirbhar Bharat, Russia remains a vital partner, supplying over 60 per cent of India's military hardware.

The remaining Rs 413 crore of the contracts targets enhancements in maritime defence capabilities, though specifics remain under wraps in the initial announcement. These are likely to include upgrades to naval sensors, electronic warfare systems, or anti-submarine warfare equipment.

Such procurements align with India's broader strategy to counter threats from adversarial neighbours, including aerial incursions and maritime provocations in the Indian Ocean Region. Recent border tensions have highlighted the urgency for robust layered defences.

The Indian Army, primary user of the Tunguska, will integrate these units into existing regiments, potentially alongside indigenous systems like Akash and QRSAM. Training and spares packages are expected to accompany the delivery, ensuring operational readiness.

Delivery timelines, typically 18-24 months for Russian systems, could see the Tunguska operational by late 2027, subject to geopolitical factors and supply chain logistics. This fits into the Army's modernisation roadmap under the Field Army Modernisation Plan.

Financially, the Rs 858 crore outlay reflects prudent budgeting amid fiscal constraints, with funds allocated from the Capital Acquisition Budget. It supports over 1,000 jobs in the defence manufacturing ecosystem through offsets and local maintenance.

Critics may note the reliance on foreign systems amid push for indigenisation, but proponents argue that proven platforms like Tunguska bridge critical gaps until homegrown alternatives mature. DRDO's Project Kusha, for instance, aims for long-range SAMs by decade's end.

This announcement coincides with heightened vigilance along the Line of Actual Control and Line of Control, where drone swarms and precision strikes pose new risks. The Tunguska's fire-on-the-move capability addresses these precisely.

Maritime components will likely bolster the Navy's blue-water ambitions, enhancing surveillance and strike interdiction in chokepoints like the Malacca Strait. Integration with P-8I aircraft and indigenous warships is anticipated.

These contracts signal proactive defence posture, blending legacy partnerships with future-ready capabilities. They reaffirm India's resolve to safeguard sovereignty in an era of hybrid threats.

PTI

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DAC Greenlights Four Ghatak UCAV Squadrons To Fortify India's Stealth Drone Edge

The DAC, chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, is poised to greenlight the procurement of four squadrons of the Ghatak UCAV (DRDO's official designation is called the Remotely Piloted Strike Aircraft - RPSA), marking a pivotal step in bolstering India's unmanned aerial warfare arsenal.

This decision aligns with the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, emphasising self-reliance in defence manufacturing. Each squadron typically comprises 12-16 platforms, potentially translating to 48-64 UCAVs in total, with an estimated programme cost exceeding ₹30,000 crore.

Ghatak, developed by the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) under the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), represents India's first indigenous stealth UCAV designed for deep-strike missions.

Featuring a flying-wing configuration, it incorporates low-observable radar-absorbent materials and internal weapons bays to evade enemy air defences. The platform's indigenous Kaveri derivative engine, now under refinement by GTRE, promises a combat radius of over 1,000 km, enabling precision strikes on high-value targets.

This clearance follows successful scaled prototype trials, including the Ghatak Autonomous Stealthy Flying Wing Demonstrator tested in 2024 near Chitradurga. These flights validated autonomous take-off, navigation, and low-altitude penetration capabilities. Integration of DRDO's Nirbhay cruise missile-derived avionics and swarm intelligence algorithms positions Ghatak as a force multiplier against time-sensitive targets in contested airspace.

Procurement under the Strategic Partnership model will likely involve private sector giants like Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) or Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in collaboration with DRDO. This mirrors recent indigenisation successes such as the TEJAS MK-1A and taps into offset clauses mandating 30% local content. Production facilities at HAL Nashik or TASL's Hyderabad hub could ramp up to deliver initial operational capability by 2030-32.

The move addresses critical gaps exposed by China's deployment of GJ-11 stealth UCAVs along the LAC and Pakistan's acquisition of Turkish Bayraktar Akinci drones. India's current fleet, reliant on imported Heron TP and Searcher MK-II, lacks stealth and endurance for penetrating defended airspace. Ghatak's loitering munitions integration and AI-driven autonomy will enhance India's no-first-use doctrine through standoff precision strikes.

Operationally, Ghatak squadrons will integrate with the Indian Air Force's (IAF) Network-Centric Operations under the IACCS framework. Each UCAV carries up to 1,000 kg of smart munitions, including Crystal Maze-derived glide bombs and vertical-launch anti-ship missiles. Swarm tactics, tested in DRDO simulations, allow coordinated attacks overwhelming enemy sensors, ideal for scenarios like a two-front war.

Fiscal backing stems from the ₹6.81 lakh crore defence budget for FY 2026-27, with UCAV funding ringfenced under the 'Modernisation and Infrastructure' head. The DAC's approval fast-tracks the Acceptance of Necessity (AoN), bypassing lengthy global tenders. This urgency reflects lessons from the 2020 Galwan clash, where persistent ISR gaps underscored the need for autonomous, attritable platforms.

Challenges persist, including engine maturation—GTRE's dry variant of Kaveri must achieve 75-80 kN thrust reliably—and sensor fusion with Uttam AESA radar derivatives. Cybersecurity hardening against jamming, vital for SATCOM-linked control stations, remains a priority. DRDO's collaboration with Israel's IAI on flying-wing tech transfer aids progress.

Inducting four squadrons will distribute assets across IAF commands: two for Eastern Air Command facing China, one for Western facing Pakistan, and one for Southern for maritime roles. Training simulators at Begumpet and operator certification via UAV TTC at Jaisalmer will precede fielding. Export potential to QUAD partners looms, boosting India's defence diplomacy.

This procurement synchronises with Gaganyaan timelines and AMCA stealth fighter development, forming a layered airpower triad. By 2035, Ghatak could evolve into a loyal wingman for crewed fighters, leveraging AI for manned-unmanned teaming. The DAC nod not only fortifies deterrence but cements India's stature in global UCAV innovation.

Agencies

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Russia Fast-Tracks Final S-400 Units To India; Undergoing Final Testing

India has accelerated the delivery schedule for the remaining units of the S-400 air defence system from Russia, enhancing its strategic capabilities amid escalating tensions in West Asia. A $5.43 billion agreement signed in 2018 covers five squadrons, with three already inducted into service, reported The Hindu.

The final two squadrons are now slated for delivery this year, marking a significant shift from earlier projections. One unit is expected as early as next month, in April, while the last will arrive by November.

This expedited timeline follows close coordination between India's Ministry of Defence and Russian counterparts. A senior official confirmed that discussions at the highest levels have prioritised timely fulfilment, overcoming prior setbacks.

Delays had stemmed from global supply chain disruptions and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, pushing earlier estimates to 2027. Recent assurances have rectified this, ensuring completion within the original contract framework.

In Indian service, the system bears the name 'Sudarshan Chakra', drawing from Lord Krishna's mythical weapon. It boasts engagement ranges up to 400 km, targeting fighter aircraft, ballistic missiles, and drones effectively.

The delivery progress was a key agenda item during a bilateral meeting in Qingdao last June. Defence Minister Rajnath Singh engaged with his Russian counterpart, Andrey Belousov, who reaffirmed commitment to the schedule.

Operational prowess was evident in Operation Sindoor, where deployed S-400 units intercepted incoming missiles and drones. This real-world validation has underscored the system's value in bolstering India's layered air defences.

Complementing these developments, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC)—chaired by Mr Singh—granted Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) last month. This approves procuring 288 additional S-400 missiles from Russia at ₹10,000 crore.

These missiles will sustain and amplify the system's readiness, addressing ammunition needs for sustained operations. The move aligns with India's push for robust air defence amid regional threats.

The acceleration reflects deepening India-Russia defence ties, undeterred by geopolitical headwinds. It positions India to counter diverse aerial menaces, from stealth fighters to hypersonic threats.

With three squadrons operational, integration across key sectors like the Northern and Western Commands proceeds apace. Training and infrastructure upgrades ensure seamless deployment.

Russia's adherence to timelines, post-Ukraine war challenges, signals reliable partnership. India’s diversification efforts notwithstanding, the S-400 remains a cornerstone of its missile defence architecture.

Future enhancements may include indigenous adaptations, synergising with systems like Akash and QRSAM. This layered approach fortifies national airspace against evolving threats.

The timely deliveries and missile procurement affirm India's proactive stance on defence modernisation. As West Asian volatility persists, these assets provide critical deterrence.

TH

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Blueprint Emerges To Shield India's Combat Drones From Hidden Threats

The Ministry of Defence has unveiled a pivotal draft framework aimed at fortifying combat drones against vulnerabilities, marking a crucial step in reshaping modern warfare tactics. Drones are revolutionising battlefield dynamics, and India's armed forces are ramping up their deployment across expansive frontiers, from the rugged high Himalayas to contested borders, reported Dhruv Yadav of TOI.

Initiated in September 2024, the document addresses gaps in domestic capabilities for drone component design, development, manufacturing, and testing. Consultations highlighted that these areas require time to mature, prompting urgent measures to indigenise supply chains fully and implement rigorous verification protocols.

Focus lies on securing "low, slow, and small" drones—encompassing nano, micro, and small variants like quadcopters and Hexacopters. These are projected to dominate 95 per cent of aerial vehicles in future battlespaces, underscoring their ubiquity and the imperative for ironclad security.

GPS Anti-Jamming Protocols

Aspect	Description	Technical Implementation	Indian Context/Relevance
Threat Type	GPS Jamming: Overwhelms receiver with high-power noise signals. Spoofing: Fake signals mimic authentic GPS to mislead navigation.	Jamming disrupts signal-to-noise ratio; spoofing exploits civil GPS's lack of authentication.	High-altitude borders (LAC with China) prone to electronic warfare; small drones vulnerable due to low-power receivers.
Detection Methods	Signal anomaly monitoring (e.g., sudden C/N0 drop). Direction-of-arrival analysis.	Use inertial measurement units (IMUs) for cross-verification; machine learning classifiers detect spoof patterns.	DRDO's INSAT-based augmentation; integration with GAGAN for dual-frequency resilience.
Mitigation Strategies	Controlled Reception Pattern Antennas (CRPAs). Frequency hopping.	CRPAs nullify jammer direction; switch to L2/L5 bands less prone to jamming.	Indigenous CRPA development by BEL; fall back to TERCOM/DSMTC for terrain matching.
Return-To-Home (RTH)	Autonomous safe return on signal loss.	Pre-programmed waypoints via INS; dead reckoning with barometric altimeters.	Mandatory in DAP 2026; tested in high-Himalaya trials for Ashni platoons.
Advanced Solutions	Anti-spoof authentication (e.g., Galileo OS-NMA). AI-driven anomaly prediction.	Chip-scale atomic clocks for holdover; quantum sensors emerging.	ISRO/DRDO collaboration on NavIC integration; reduces China dependency.

Supply Chain Verification Models

Model/Phase	Key Components Verified	Verification Techniques	Tools/Standards	Indian Implementation
Component Sourcing	Chips, batteries, sensors (e.g., IMUs, cameras).	Bill of Materials (BoM) audit; origin tracing.	Blockchain ledgers; AS9100D certification.	MoD's iDEX portal; mandatory GeM procurement to exclude Chinese vendors post-2025 cancellations.
Design & Development	Firmware, PCBs, propulsion systems.	Source code review; hardware trojan scans.	SBOM (Software Bill of Materials); CVE databases.	DRDO-accredited labs (e.g., DEAL Dehradun); 'secure-by-design' from RFI stage.
Manufacturing	Assembly lines, COTS parts integration.	X-ray/SEM inspection; supply chain risk assessment.	ISO 26262 for avionics; CMMC Level 3 equivalent.	Indigenous fabs (e.g., Tata/Semiconductor Mission); 100% verification for Divyastra batteries.
Testing & Certification	End-to-end system (airframe to payload).	Red-team cyber attacks; EMP hardening tests.	STANAG 4671; DO-178C for software.	Field trials at Pokhran; NSCS oversight for export-controlled tech.
In-Service Monitoring	Upgrades, maintenance logistics.	Continuous telemetry analysis; zero-trust architecture.	SIEM tools; quantum-resistant encryption.	Lifecycle contracts with HAL/BEL; annual audits for Shaktiban Regiments.
Risk Mitigation	Vendor diversification; dual-sourcing.	Geopolitical risk scoring; AI predictive analytics.	NIST SP 800-161; India's DAP 2026 clauses.	Atmanirbhar incentives; penalties for non-compliance as in 2025 Army drone scrapping.

The Indian Army leads in drone integration, having inducted diverse systems for surveillance, reconnaissance, and strike roles. Structural reforms include Ashni platoons within infantry units, alongside the establishment of Divyastra batteries and Shaktiban Regiments in artillery. The Armoured Corps plans Shaurya Squadrons per regiment, harnessing drones for battlefield superiority across all services.

The framework champions an indigenous drone ecosystem adhering to "secure-by-design" principles, pre-empting vulnerabilities and nascent threats. Security mandates span from the Request for Information (RFI) stage through procurement, into operational service, and during upgrades, embedding multi-layered checks.

Central to this is mitigating "security vulnerabilities"—flaws, weaknesses, or errors exploitable by adversaries, which could impair performance, invite cyber incursions, physical risks, data breaches, unauthorised access, or even physical damage. Proactive detection and prevention are deemed essential to neutralise adversarial impacts.

A key objective is curtailing reliance on Chinese components, fostering greater domestic industry involvement. Past incidents, such as an Indian drone straying across the Line of Control into Pakistan's Poonch sector in August 2024 due to technical failure, and the Army's cancellation of a drone order in February 2025 over Chinese parts, expose the perils of foreign dependencies.

Control hijacking—via communication link exploits or onboard malware—poses another threat, demanding fortified protocols. Data integrity within the ecosystem requires encrypted links and exhaustive malware scans to prevent leaks or manipulations.

The document posits an "ideal solution": fully indigenous design, development, and production of drones and critical components, down to chip level. This minimises vulnerabilities, enhances supply chain oversight, and aligns with India's Atmanirbhar Bharat push in defence manufacturing.

Amid escalating border tensions and lessons from West Asia conflicts, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has amplified calls for drone self-reliance. This initiative not only fortifies operational integrity but positions India as a leader in secure unmanned systems, potentially influencing global standards.

Implementation challenges persist, including scaling chip fabrication and cybersecurity expertise. Yet, with DRDO's involvement and industry input, the framework could catalyse a fool proof ecosystem by DAP 2026 rollout.

TOI

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India Signs ₹413 Crores Boeing Deal For Domestic P8I Fleet Maintenance

MoD has inked a pivotal contract worth ₹413 crore with Boeing India Defence Pvt Ltd for the depot-level inspection and maintenance of the Indian Navy's P-8I Long-Range Maritime Reconnaissance Aircraft fleet.

This agreement, one of two contracts totalling ₹858 crore signed on 27 March 2026 at Kartavya Bhawan-2 in New Delhi, was witnessed by Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh.

The deal focuses exclusively on the P-8I platform, comprising 12 operational aircraft that form the backbone of the Navy's maritime surveillance and anti-submarine warfare capabilities. Under the contract, Boeing India will undertake comprehensive depot-level maintenance, encompassing structural inspections, avionics upgrades, and engine overhauls to ensure fleet readiness.

A standout feature is the 100% indigenous content in the maintenance processes, marking a significant stride towards Aatmanirbhar Bharat in defence sustainment. This indigenous approach promises to slash turnaround times for repairs, minimising downtime for the high-value assets and enhancing operational availability in critical missions.

Logistics costs will also plummet, as in-country maintenance reduces reliance on overseas shipping of components and aircraft, streamlining supply chains. The P-8I, based on the Boeing 737 platform, equips the Indian Navy with advanced multi-role capabilities, including long-range maritime reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), and potent anti-submarine warfare (ASW) tools.

Since their induction starting in 2013, these aircraft have proven indispensable in securing India's interests across the vast Indian Ocean Region (IOR), from monitoring submarine threats to countering piracy and territorial incursions. The contract reinforces India's strategic pivot towards self-reliance in maritime aviation maintenance, curtailing foreign dependency amid rising geopolitical tensions in the Indo-Pacific.

By localising depot-level services, the Navy gains greater control over sustainment, fostering technology transfer and skill development among Indian engineers and technicians. Boeing India's role underscores deepening Indo-US defence ties, with the company establishing robust local infrastructure, including facilities in Bangalore tailored for P-8I work.

This initiative aligns with broader naval modernisation efforts, ensuring the P-8I fleet remains at peak efficiency for missions ranging from exclusive economic zone patrols to joint operations with allies like the Quad partners. Experts hail the deal as a model for future contracts, blending private sector expertise with indigenous mandates to build a resilient defence ecosystem.

This ₹413 crore investment not only sustains the P-8I's dominance in ASW and ISR but also propels India's maritime reconnaissance prowess into a more autonomous era.

PTI

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DRDO's High-Thrust Aero Engine EoI Draws Strong Public-Private Bids On Launch Day

The Expression of Interest (EoI) for the Defence Research and Development Organisation's (DRDO) Development-cum-Production Partner (DcPP) initiative on the manufacturing and assembly of a high-thrust class aero engine opened on Friday (27-Mar-2026) morning at 9 AM IST. This marks a pivotal step in India's quest for self-reliance in advanced propulsion technologies.

Already, the EoI has attracted multiple applications from both public sector undertakings and private entities, signalling robust industry interest. Sources close to the process indicate that the response exceeds expectations, with bids reflecting a mix of established defence manufacturers and emerging players eager to contribute to indigenous capabilities.

The high-thrust class aero engine, understood to target thrust levels beyond 90-100 kN, aligns with DRDO's Kaveri engine derivative programme and broader ambitions for next-generation combat aircraft. It aims to power future platforms such as advanced fighters or unmanned systems, reducing dependence on foreign suppliers like those providing GE F414 engines.

India's aero engine development has long been a strategic bottleneck, despite decades of investment in projects like the GTRE Kaveri. The DcPP model represents a collaborative approach, where DRDO provides core technology while the selected partner handles scaled manufacturing, testing, and eventual production.

Public sector giants such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) are likely frontrunners, given their experience with licence-built engines and ongoing work on the TEJAS MK-2. Private firms, including Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) and Godrej Aerospace, have ramped up capabilities in precision components, positioning them strongly.

The EoI's swift uptake underscores the maturing Indian defence ecosystem, bolstered by Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives and recent successes in missile and UAV manufacturing. Private participation has surged post-2020 reforms, with over 600 lines opened for indigenisation.

Key requirements in the EoI reportedly emphasise technology transfer readiness, manufacturing infrastructure, and integration with DRDO's test facilities like those at Bengaluru's Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE). Applicants must demonstrate expertise in hot-section technologies, materials like single-crystal blades, and digital twin simulations.

Timeline pressures are evident; officials hope the DcPP selection process accelerates to meet Air Force indigenisation targets by the early 2030s. Delays in similar programmes, such as the Kaveri dry variant, have heightened urgency for a production-ready high-thrust engine.

This development bolsters India's strategic posture amid tensions with neighbours and evolving Indo-Pacific dynamics. A homegrown engine would enhance fifth-generation fighter prospects, complementing partnerships like the US-India iCET for jet engine co-development.

Challenges remain, including supply chain localisation for critical alloys and coatings, as well as certification under DGCA and military standards. Successful DcPPs could mirror the Akash missile's public-private model, achieving over 90% indigenisation.

The government's push aligns with the 2025-2030 defence production roadmap, targeting ₹1.75 lakh crore in output. EoI momentum could catalyse investments in Odisha's engine hub or Hyderabad's aerospace corridor.

Industry observers predict shortlisting within months, followed by proof-of-concept phases. This EoI not only promises technological sovereignty but also positions Indian firms on the global stage, potentially exporting know-how.

As applications pour in, the process's transparency and merit-based selection will be crucial to sustaining momentum. Stakeholders express optimism that this could herald a new era for India's aero propulsion sector.

Agencies

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India Pivots To Self‑Reliance: ₹70,000‑Cr Shipbuilding Push And Energy Buffers As West Asia Crisis Deepens

India is emerging as a relatively stable anchor in a turbulent global economy, even as the West Asia crisis centred on the Iran–Israel–US conflict exacerbates energy‑price shocks and raises fears of stagflation in major economies.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has emphasised that India’s economic fundamentals remain strong, with the country prepared for short‑, medium‑ and long‑term fallout from the closure of the Strait of Hormuz and other disruptions to trade and energy flows.

In speeches to both houses of Parliament, including an address in the Rajya Sabha on 24 March 2026, Modi has framed the current challenge in a way akin to India’s response to the earlier pandemic shock, underscoring the need for strategic self‑reliance rather than mere reactive measures.

At the heart of Modi’s strategy is a sizable push into domestic shipbuilding, with an outlay of ₹70,000 crore earmarked for the sector. This investment is aimed at building large‑scale shipyards and reducing dependence on foreign shipping lines, which had left Indian vessels temporarily stranded or delayed in the Strait of Hormuz.

New Indian tankers, such as the LPG‑carriers Shivalik and Nanda Devi, symbolise this shift toward indigenous maritime capacity. The government is positioning shipbuilding as a lynchpin of India’s “blue economy” ambitions, logistics‑hub aspirations and long‑term resilience against geopolitical volatility in key maritime chokepoints.

Energy security is another pillar of India’s prepared­ness. The government points to 53 lakh metric tonnes of strategic petroleum reserves, with plans to expand this by a further 65 lakh metric tonnes, giving the country a substantial buffer of crude oil.

Officials stress that current storage is adequate to ensure uninterrupted supply for a “reasonable period of time,” even as the Hormuz closure has initially affected around 22 Indian ships, several of which have since been allowed to move out.

India’s diversification of energy‑import sources—drawing more from Russia while also relying on traditional Gulf suppliers—helps cushion the impact of price spikes, although the Strait remains a critical chokepoint because roughly one‑fifth of the world’s oil passes through it.

The crisis has, however, spotlighted India’s vulnerability in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and gas supplies, which depend heavily on uninterrupted seaborne trade through West Asia. Eminent economists such as Prasanjit Basu note that while India’s refining capacity is robust—making it the world’s fourth‑largest refiner—its dependence on crude and gas imports still exposes it to external shocks.

The government is therefore keeping a close watch on fertilizer availability for the upcoming kharif season (June–October), with officials asserting that fertilizer stocks are sufficient and that food‑grain buffer reserves run to between about 210 and 410 lakh metric tons, depending on the time of year and offtake. This large agricultural stockpile is intended to insulate domestic food markets from short‑term energy‑and‑fertiliser‑linked price pressures.

To manage the broader fallout, seven empowered committees have been tasked with monitoring the crisis across multiple domains: strategic energy reserves, naval deployments, supply‑chain management (petrol, diesel, fertilizers, LPG and gas), logistics, public distribution and essential commodities. This multi‑pronged oversight mechanism reflects an effort to combine self‑reliance, proactive diplomacy with Gulf partners, and detailed contingency planning.

Modi has personally engaged with leaders in Iran, Israel and the United States, as well as key Gulf countries hosting large Indian diasporas, urging de‑escalation and reiterating that attacks on commercial shipping are unacceptable. Over 4,00,000 Indians have already been repatriated from conflict‑affected West Asian countries, facilitated by dedicated control rooms, emergency response teams and special flights to Delhi and Mumbai.

The Iran‑linked conflict has already strained the world economy, pushing energy prices higher, fuelling inflation and slowing growth across the United States, Europe, Japan and many other advanced economies. Business surveys show private‑sector activity in Europe nearing a standstill, with the Eurozone’s purchasing‑managers index falling to a 10‑month low, while confidence and output have weakened sharply in France and Germany.

In the United States, higher oil and gas prices are feeding inflation anxieties and weakening business sentiment, with services‑sector momentum slowing and hiring expectations cooling. The United Kingdom is recording its weakest growth in six months, even as manufacturers face input‑cost rises at the fastest pace since 1992. Japan’s growth has slowed to its weakest pace in three months. India’s own private‑sector growth has dipped to a three‑year low in March, underscoring that the global shockwave is not confined to the West.

Despite these pressures, analysts argue it is premature to speak of full‑blown stagflation—where stagnation combines with high inflation—because many economies, including India, are still registering positive growth and enjoy relatively well‑anchored long‑term inflation expectations.

India’s near‑surplus current‑account position, low headline inflation by historical standards and strong underlying growth provide a better starting point than many peers. However, if the war in West Asia persists for another month or more, economists warn that the risk of stagflation rises, particularly as elevated energy prices feed through into broad‑based inflation and fragile business confidence.

In this context, India’s combination of strategic reserves, diversified supply routes and substantial domestic investment in shipbuilding and logistics may prove critical in limiting the medium‑term damage.

At the same time, investors around the world are grappling with the traditional “safe haven” role of gold, even as the US dollar remains strong and gold prices have been under pressure. South Africa’s recent opening of its first underground gold mine in 15 years highlights the metal’s enduring appeal in times of geopolitical turmoil.

Central banks, especially from emerging markets, have been steadily increasing gold purchases over the past four years as part of a diversification away from a dollar‑centric reserve system. Gold’s appeal lies in its intrinsic scarcity, its independence from any single government, and its ability to store value over long periods. Even when short‑term price dips occur—driven by dollar strength and profit‑taking—gold is still widely regarded as a long‑term hedge against currency devaluation and geopolitical risk.

In West Asia itself, the confrontation has begun to extend beyond oil and energy infrastructure toward water, with Iran warning it could target desalination plants serving US and Israeli interests if its own fuel and gas installations are hit. Desalination is especially critical in one of the world’s driest regions, where per‑capita water availability is about one‑tenth of the global average.

Countries such as Qatar, the UAE and Saudi Arabia depend heavily on desalinated water, with some Gulf states deriving the majority of their fresh‑water supply from the sea. Yet most West Asian nations today hold reserves of only about two to seven days of water consumption, meaning they can withstand short‑term outages but would face severe humanitarian and economic consequences if desalination plants were incapacitated for a prolonged period.

This expansion of the battlefield into critical water infrastructure underlines how the West Asia crisis is reshaping not only global energy markets but also the basic conditions for human survival and urban life across the region.

DD News

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C2C Advanced Systems Nets HSL Deal For Cutting-Edge WECDIS On Indian Navy's Fleet Support Vessels

Bangalore-based C2C Advanced Systems has clinched a significant contract from Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) to supply Warship Electronic Chart Display And Information Systems (WECDIS) for Fleet Support Ships under construction for the Indian Navy.

This development marks a notable expansion for C2C in the naval domain, where the WECDIS technology has been specially adapted to meet stringent defence specifications.

The system plays a pivotal role in enhancing navigation and tactical situational awareness aboard warships, delivering real-time electronic charts, precise positioning data, and integrated information overlays critical for maritime operations.

Fleet Support Ships, vital for sustaining extended naval deployments, rely on such advanced systems to ensure seamless logistics, fuel replenishment, and combat support in diverse operational theatres.

C2C's success underscores its growing prowess in indigenous defence electronics, aligning with India's push for self-reliance under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative in military hardware.

The contract not only bolsters C2C's maritime portfolio but also deepens its partnerships with key public sector undertakings like HSL, a cornerstone of India's warship-building ecosystem.

Recently, the company secured another order for 29 mission computing systems tailored for counter-drone applications, signalling robust demand for its cutting-edge solutions across multiple defence vectors.

This dual momentum highlights C2C's versatility, spanning naval navigation, aerial threat mitigation, and beyond, amid the Indian armed forces' modernisation drive.

WECDIS integration represents a leap in warship capabilities, fusing Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) standards with military-grade enhancements for secure, resilient performance in contested waters.

Such systems mitigate collision risks, optimise route planning, and provide layered intelligence, proving indispensable for the Indian Navy's blue-water ambitions.

HSL, based in Visakhapatnam, continues to spearhead indigenous shipbuilding, with these Fleet Support Ships set to augment the Navy's logistical backbone alongside carriers and destroyers.

C2C's Bangalore roots position it advantageously within India's defence innovation hub, fostering synergies with entities like DRDO, HAL, and private sector players in aerospace and electronics.

The deal arrives at a juncture of heightened geopolitical tensions in the Indian Ocean Region, where reliable naval C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) systems are paramount.

Financially, this contract is poised to enhance C2C's order book, reflecting investor confidence in its execution track record and scalability in high-stakes defence projects.

Looking ahead, C2C's trajectory suggests further inroads into submarine electronics, UAV integration, and hypersonic support systems, cementing its status as a rising force in India's private defence sector.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)

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DroneVerse's RUDRA-10 Soars In Test, Powering India's Atmanirbhar UAV Ambitions

Gurugram-based DroneVerse has marked a milestone in India's push for self-reliance in defence technology with the successful flight test of its RUDRA-10 drone.

This indigenous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) promises to bolster the nation's capabilities in high-speed, long-endurance missions, particularly for border surveillance.

The RUDRA-10 stands out for its impressive performance metrics. It achieves speeds of up to 180 km/h and operates effectively at altitudes reaching 15,000 feet, making it suitable for demanding operational environments along India's contested frontiers.

Powering this drone is a high-capacity lithium-sulphur battery, a cutting-edge choice that delivers over 12 hours of endurance. This extended flight time addresses a critical need in surveillance operations, where prolonged loitering over target areas can provide invaluable intelligence without frequent returns to base.

Structurally, the RUDRA-10 is engineered for efficiency, weighing just 120 kg thanks to advanced lightweight composites. These materials not only reduce the overall mass but also enhance durability and resistance to environmental stresses encountered in high-altitude flights.

Surveillance forms the core of its mission profile. The drone integrates electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) payloads capable of detecting and identifying small targets from as far as 5 km away, even in low-light or adverse weather conditions.

What truly sets the RUDRA-10 apart is its AI-driven autonomous navigation system. This integration enables real-time threat evasion, independent route planning, and adaptive mission execution, minimising the need for constant human intervention and reducing vulnerability to electronic warfare.

This development aligns seamlessly with India's Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, which emphasises indigenous manufacturing in defence. By producing a sophisticated UAV domestically, DroneVerse contributes to reducing import dependencies and fostering a robust ecosystem for private-sector innovation in aerospace.

The flight test, conducted successfully in early 2026, validates the drone's design and paves the way for potential integration into the Indian Armed Forces' inventory. It underscores Gurugram's emergence as a hub for UAV technology, drawing on the region's proximity to Delhi's defence corridors.

Notably, the RUDRA-10 differs from similarly named systems, such as those from Solar Aerospace and Defence, highlighting the diversity in India's burgeoning drone sector. DroneVerse's focus on AI autonomy positions it as a forward-looking player amid rising demand for smart, unmanned assets.

As geopolitical tensions persist along India's borders, particularly with neighbours like China and Pakistan, drones like the RUDRA-10 offer a cost-effective means to enhance situational awareness. Their high-altitude endurance and speed make them ideal for real-time monitoring of vast, rugged terrains.

The lithium-sulphur battery technology merits special mention. Lighter and more energy-dense than traditional lithium-ion alternatives, it represents a leap in power management for UAVs, potentially influencing future designs across the sector.

EO/IR payloads on the RUDRA-10 provide multi-spectral imaging, combining visible-light cameras with thermal sensors. This duality ensures persistent surveillance, day or night, and supports target classification critical for tactical decision-making.

AI autonomy extends to swarm potential, though not yet demonstrated in tests. Future iterations could enable coordinated operations with multiple RUDRA-10 units, amplifying India's asymmetric warfare capabilities against numerically superior adversaries.

DroneVerse's achievement builds on India's broader UAV ecosystem, including efforts by DRDO and private firms like ideaForge. It signals accelerating private investment, backed by government schemes such as iDEX, which nurture start-ups in defence tech.

The RUDRA-10 exemplifies India's maturing indigenous defence manufacturing. With its blend of speed, endurance, and intelligence, it strengthens the narrative of a self-sufficient India in aerial surveillance.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)

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Gaming App Becomes Radicalisation Hub As 12 ISIS, AL-Qaeda Terror Suspects Nabbed In Pan-India Raid

In a sweeping multi-state operation, police forces from Andhra Pradesh and Delhi have arrested 12 individuals suspected of ties to banned terrorist groups al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS) and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), reported NDTV.

The arrests, spanning several states, uncovered a network radicalising youth through online platforms, including a popular gaming app.

The suspects hail from diverse regions: Mohammad Rahmatullah Shareef, Mirza Sohail Beg, and Mohammad Danish from Andhra Pradesh; Shadman Dilkush and Ajmanullah Khan from Bihar; Lucky Ahmed from Delhi's Rohini area; Mir Asif Ali from West Bengal; Zeeshan from Rajasthan; Abdul Salam from Karnataka; Shah Rukh Khan and Shiyak Piyaz ur Rehman from Maharashtra; and Saida Begum from Telangana.

Investigations revealed that the group first connected with foreign handlers of AQIS and ISIS via a gaming application, which served as an initial recruitment channel. From there, they formalised their allegiance, linking up with "Benex Com", a shadowy outfit affiliated with ISIS.

Authorities disclosed that the accused had engaged in overt acts of sedition. They replaced India's national flag with the ISIS banner on their social media profiles, publicly burnt the tricolour, and posted content praising ISIS while calling for India to be transformed into an Islamic state. They also derided the national anthem in online propaganda.

Further probes indicated imminent plans for cross-border movement. The group was preparing to travel to Pakistan within a month for military training, while actively urging young recruits to join camps in Pakistan and Afghanistan.

At the core of the network were three key figures from Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh: Mohammad Rahmatullah Shareef, a bike taxi driver; Mirza Sohail Beg, a restaurant worker; and Mohammad Danish, a laser marking technician. These men had established "Al Malik Islamic Youth", a radical cell aimed at indoctrinating impressionable youth and grooming them for jihad.

The trio propagated the ideology of Ghazwa-e-Hind—a contested concept envisioning a war to establish Islamic rule in India. They expanded their reach nationwide by coordinating with operatives in other states, leveraging encrypted chats and social media.

Rahmatullah Shareef played a pivotal role, forging direct contact with a foreign handler known as Al-Hakeem Shukur via social media. Acting on instructions, he linked up with Shadman Dilkush in Bihar and Saida Begum in Hyderabad, steadily building a broader syndicate.

The network's digital footprint was extensive. The accused uploaded videos portraying themselves as mujahideen—holy warriors—and obsessively viewed footage of al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden, mimicking his rhetoric in their own radicalising content.

This operation highlights the evolving threat of online radicalisation, where everyday apps like gaming platforms serve as gateways to extremism. Police continue to interrogate the suspects, with fears that more recruits may be active across India.

NDTV

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Orbital Independence: ISRO Unveils ₹1,763 Crore Roadmap For First Bharatiya Antariksh Station Module

India's celestial ambitions have entered a definitive new phase as the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) formalises the development of the Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS).

This landmark initiative represents a significant leap from the short-term orbital stays planned for the Gaganyaan mission to a permanent, sustained human presence in Low Earth Orbit. The project has already cleared a crucial hurdle, with its overall configuration undergoing a successful review by a dedicated national-level committee, effectively green-lighting the engineering roadmap for the coming decade.

The vision for the BAS is one of modular complexity, eventually consisting of five interconnected units that will serve as a hub for international and domestic research. The first step in this grand architectural plan is the development of the BAS-01 module.

Approved by the Union Cabinet in late 2024, this initial segment serves as the foundational stone for the entire station. Currently, various ISRO centres are immersed in the intricate work of system engineering and the development of essential subsystem technologies required to sustain life and operations in the vacuum of space.

Financially, the government has earmarked a specific investment for this inaugural phase. The development and launch of the BAS-01 module are estimated to cost approximately ₹1,763 Crores. This budget is designed to cover a four-year window from 2025 to 2028, culminating in a target launch date within that period.

This allocation is a strategic component of the expanded Gaganyaan programme, reflecting a commitment to building indigenous infrastructure rather than relying solely on international partnerships.

In a move to bolster the domestic aerospace ecosystem, the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre has proactively invited Indian private industries to participate in the construction of the module’s structural components.

By issuing an Expression of Interest, ISRO is pivoting toward a more collaborative model that leverages the manufacturing prowess of the private sector. This public-private synergy is expected to accelerate the timeline and foster a robust industrial base capable of supporting future deep-space missions.

Technologically, the Bharatiya Antariksh Station is being designed to compete with the world's most advanced orbital platforms. It will eventually be equipped with sophisticated rendezvous and docking systems, allowing for the seamless transfer of crew and cargo.

Beyond simple habitation, the station will feature robotic arms for external operations, in-orbit refuelling capabilities to extend the life of visiting spacecraft, and dedicated crew quarters designed for long-term comfort and safety.

The station's primary purpose is to serve as a microgravity laboratory. Inside its pressurised modules, scientists will utilise specialised racks to conduct experiments that are impossible on Earth. The research agenda is broad, spanning life sciences and pharmaceuticals to material sciences and advanced manufacturing.

By studying how biological and chemical processes behave in orbit, India aims to unlock breakthroughs that could have direct applications in medicine and industrial efficiency back on the ground.

Looking toward the horizon, the full assembly of the five-module station is projected for completion by 2035. This long-term timeline allows for the incremental testing of each unit, ensuring that the final structure is resilient and technologically current.

Once fully operational, the BAS will join a very exclusive list of independent space stations, providing India with a sovereign platform for scientific exploration and burgeoning commercial opportunities in the space economy.

This project signals a coming of age for the Indian space programme. By transitioning from a nation that launches satellites to one that builds and maintains its own orbital outpost, India is asserting its role as a major space power.

The Bharatiya Antariksh Station will not only reduce dependence on foreign space agencies but will also serve as a training ground and a stepping stone for future lunar and planetary exploration missions.

Agencies

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The European Union And India Sign A Working Arrangement On Industrial Aviation Production

European Union and India have taken a significant step forward in their aviation partnership by signing a Working Arrangement between the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and India’s Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).

This agreement, concluded in New Delhi on 23 March 2026, focuses on industrial aviation production and aligns with India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative. It will enable the assembly of Airbus Helicopters H125/AS350 aircraft in Karnataka under EU standards, strengthening India’s role in global aviation manufacturing.

The arrangement builds on commitments made during the EU-India Summit in January 2026, where civil aviation safety was identified as a priority area. It reflects the shared ambition of both partners to accelerate cooperation under the Strategic Joint Agenda, ensuring that safety and sustainability remain central to aviation growth. By harmonising regulatory frameworks, the EU and India aim to enhance industrial collaboration and improve the resilience of the aviation sector.

The signing was followed by a workshop held from 24 to 26 March in New Delhi under the EU–South Asia Aviation Partnership Project. This event brought together regulators, airlines, and industry representatives from across the region.

Organised by EASA in close cooperation with DGCA and supported by European aircraft manufacturer ATR, the workshop focused on practical collaboration and operational experience-sharing. Discussions addressed everyday flight operations and regional challenges, underlining the importance of dialogue between regulators and operators in improving safety and efficiency.

The initiative also highlights the EU’s broader commitment to working with South Asian partners to promote high standards of aviation safety and regulatory cooperation. By supporting sustainable development in the sector, the EU and India are reinforcing their shared vision of safe, resilient, and environmentally responsible air transport. This cooperation is expected to deliver long-term benefits for both regions, enhancing connectivity and industrial competitiveness.

The EU-India partnership is rooted in a shared commitment to a rules-based global order, effective multilateralism, and sustainable development. Since becoming strategic partners in 2004, the relationship has expanded across trade, technology, and security.

With over 50 sectoral dialogues and frameworks such as the EU-India Trade and Technology Council and the Global Gateway Strategy, both sides are working to implement initiatives at scale and speed. The aviation safety arrangement is a tangible example of this partnership in action, combining industrial cooperation with strategic alignment.

EU Official News Release

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U.S. War Official Lauds India With ‘Deep Respect’

The United States has reaffirmed its commitment to a robust bilateral relationship with India, with Under Secretary of War for Policy Elbridge Colby describing the bond as one rooted in "deep respect." 

Concluding a significant three-day visit to New Delhi, Colby emphasised that the US views India not merely as a partner, but as a continental-scale republic whose strategic decisions will be a primary driver in shaping the future of the international landscape. This visit marks a pivotal moment in operationalising the 2026 National Defence Strategy.

During his stay, Colby engaged in high-level deliberations with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri. A central pillar of the visit was the co-chairing of the 18th Defence Policy Group meeting alongside Indian Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh.

These sessions were designed to build upon the Framework for the India-US Major Defence Partnership, a landmark agreement signed in late 2025 by Secretary of War Pete Hegseth and Defence Minister Rajnath Singh.

The discussions focused on several critical pillars of cooperation, including enhanced operational coordination, increased information sharing, and a more integrated approach to regional and global security.

Both nations expressed a shared interest in ensuring that the Indo-Pacific remains an area where no single power can exert dominance. Colby noted that India is expected to play a central role in maintaining a favourable balance of power within the region.

Addressing the Ananta Centre, the Under Secretary acknowledged that while the two nations may differ in geography and historical context, they are united by a fundamental conviction. This shared belief holds that the future of Asia must be determined by sovereign nations capable of charting their own independent courses. This sentiment underscores a mutual desire to protect national autonomy against external pressures.

Significant progress was also made on tangible defence acquisitions. The two sides discussed India’s plans to procure six additional P-8I anti-submarine warfare aircraft to bolster maritime surveillance. 

Furthermore, India is moving toward a deal for Javelin anti-tank guided missiles via an emergency procurement route. Discussions also touched upon the ₹300 crore agreement for Excalibur precision-guided artillery ammunition, highlighting the growing technical integration of the two militaries.

The visit served to further the goals established by President Trump and Prime Minister Modi during their joint statement in February 2025.

By focusing on defence industrial, science, and technology cooperation, the visit aimed to move beyond diplomatic rhetoric into the practical implementation of high-level agreements. This trajectory suggests a long-term alignment of interests intended to provide stability across South and Central Asia.

ANI

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IAEA Chief Warns of ‘Major’ Nuclear Disaster After Strikes On Iran’s Bushehr Plant

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Director General Rafael Grossi has expressed grave concern over reports of military strikes near Iran’s Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant, warning that any damage to the facility could trigger a serious radiological accident.

In a statement shared on X, Grossi emphasised that Bushehr is an operational nuclear power station containing significant amounts of radioactive material, and harm to the site could have catastrophic consequences not only for Iran but also for neighbouring regions.

The Bushehr plant, situated on the Persian Gulf, is Iran’s first commercial nuclear power station. Grossi reiterated the IAEA’s call for maximum restraint by military actors in the conflict zone, stressing the importance of adhering to international nuclear safety and security principles, particularly during times of armed confrontation.

He highlighted the agency’s “seven pillars” of nuclear safety as essential safeguards that must be observed to prevent disaster.

According to Tehran, a projectile struck the premises of the Bushehr plant earlier this week, though Iranian authorities reported no injuries and confirmed that the facility continues to operate normally. The IAEA acknowledged this update but maintained its warning that repeated strikes in the vicinity of such a sensitive site pose unacceptable risks.

The incident comes amid heightened tensions in West Asia following joint US-Israel military strikes on Iran in late February, which resulted in the death of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Iran retaliated by targeting Israeli and US assets across the Gulf, disrupting maritime routes and impacting global energy markets.

Against this backdrop, Grossi’s warning underscores the potential for the conflict to escalate into a nuclear safety crisis with far-reaching consequences.

Diplomatic efforts between Washington and Tehran continue, but the IAEA’s intervention highlights the fragility of nuclear safety in conflict zones. The agency’s repeated calls for restraint reflect the urgency of preventing a scenario where military action compromises nuclear infrastructure, potentially unleashing a radiological emergency that would reverberate far beyond Iran’s borders.

ANI

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