India Successfully Tests Exo-Atmospheric And Endo-Atmospheric Interceptor Missiles Against Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles

India has successfully tested two interceptor missiles capable of neutralising enemy missiles with ranges between 2,000 km and 5,000 km.

These interceptors, classified as Exo-atmospheric and Endo-atmospheric, form part of the multi-layered Ballistic Missile Defence system. 

According to the Defence Research and Development Organisation, the system successfully intercepted its designated targets during the trials, engaging and destroying incoming ballistic missile threats. This validation confirms the effectiveness of technologies developed to counter emerging and advanced missile challenges.

The demonstration highlighted India’s ability to intercept and neutralise threats across different layers of defence, thereby enhancing the credibility of its deterrence posture.

The @DRDO_India has successfully demonstrated multiple crucial technologies bolstering nations defence capabilities against different types of enemy threats.

Three consecutive flight-tests were successfully conducted to demonstrate multi-layered defence against long range… pic.twitter.com/0DKQF0LB30

— Rajnath Singh (@rajnathsingh) June 13, 2026

Top government sources revealed that the two interceptor missiles tested are designed to neutralise Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missiles. While the specific identities of the interceptors have not been disclosed by the Modi government, the trials demonstrated their operational readiness.

Following the completion of test trials, these systems are expected to move towards user trials, marking a significant step in their induction into India’s defence architecture.

The prioritisation of ballistic missile defence by DRDO stems from the evolving threat environment. Pakistan is actively developing long-range ballistic missiles such as the Fateh-I, Fateh-II, and the Chinese-origin P282.

These developments necessitate robust defensive measures to ensure India’s preparedness against potential adversaries. By focusing on interceptors capable of engaging missiles across different ranges and altitudes, India is strengthening its deterrence posture and ensuring layered protection against hostile launches.

The successful demonstrations place India among a select group of nations with the capability to defend against ballistic missile attacks, including threats posed by long-range and intercontinental ballistic missiles.

This achievement underscores India’s growing technological maturity in missile defence and its determination to secure national interests in an increasingly complex security environment.

The integration of Exo-atmospheric and endo-atmospheric interceptors reflects a comprehensive approach to missile defence, ensuring that threats can be countered both outside and within the atmosphere.

These trials also highlight the synergy between DRDO, the armed forces, and domestic industry partners. The development of indigenous solutions reduces reliance on foreign systems and enhances India’s strategic autonomy.

By validating these technologies, India has taken a decisive step towards operationalising a credible missile defence shield capable of addressing threats across multiple domains. The move towards user trials indicates confidence in the systems’ performance and readiness for deployment.

The broader strategic implications of these tests are significant. With adversaries developing increasingly sophisticated missile arsenals, India’s ability to intercept and neutralise threats across ranges up to 5,000 km enhances its deterrence and strengthens its defensive posture.

This capability not only provides protection against regional threats but also positions India as a technologically advanced power capable of countering intercontinental ballistic missile challenges. The trials reaffirm India’s commitment to advancing indigenous defence technologies and maintaining readiness against evolving threats.

Agencies

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India Successfully Conducts Flight Test of Naval Anti-Ship Missile-Medium Range

In a separate milestone, India has successfully conducted the maiden flight test of the Naval Anti-Ship Missile-Medium Range (NASM-MR), marking a major milestone in strengthening its maritime strike capabilities.

The test, carried out by DRDO, demonstrated the missile’s ability to engage enemy warships at medium ranges, significantly enhancing the Indian Navy’s operational options.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) executed the maiden flight test of the NASM-MR on 10–11 June 2026 from the Integrated Test Range at Chandipur, Odisha. This test was part of a broader series of three consecutive flight trials that also validated India’s multi-layered Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system.

Senior officials from DRDO and the armed forces witnessed the trials, which successfully met all mission objectives.

The NASM-MR is designed to provide the Indian Navy with a modern, indigenous solution for medium-range anti-ship warfare. The missile demonstrated its capability to strike maritime targets with precision, thereby strengthening India’s deterrence posture in the Indian Ocean Region.

The system integrates advanced guidance, navigation, and control technologies developed indigenously, reflecting India’s push towards self-reliance in defence research and development.

The missile complements the existing Naval Anti-Ship Missile-Short Range (NASM-SR), which was successfully tested earlier from a helicopter platform. Together, these systems provide layered strike options for the Navy, enabling both close-range and medium-range engagements against hostile warships. The NASM-MR is expected to be deployed on frontline naval platforms, including surface ships and aircraft, thereby expanding India’s maritime strike envelope.

The trials also showcased India’s growing technological prowess in developing sophisticated defence systems capable of addressing modern battlefield challenges. Alongside the NASM-MR, DRDO successfully demonstrated the AD-1 and AD-2 interceptor missiles under the Phase-II Ballistic Missile Defence program. These interceptors validated India’s ability to engage ballistic missile threats ranging from Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBMs) to Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), placing India among a select group of nations with advanced missile defence capabilities.

The AD-1 interceptor is a long-range, two-stage solid-fuel missile capable of engaging targets in both endo-atmospheric and low Exo-atmospheric environments.

The AD-2 interceptor, designed for high Exo-atmospheric interception, successfully demonstrated its ability to neutralise ICBM-class threats, including missiles comparable to China’s DF-41. Together, these interceptors form a multi-tiered defence architecture, providing India with robust protection against evolving missile threats.

The maiden flight test of the NASM-MR underscores India’s commitment to indigenous innovation in defence technology. By developing advanced anti-ship missiles alongside a layered missile defence shield, India is reinforcing its strategic deterrence posture and ensuring preparedness against both aerial and maritime threats.

These achievements highlight the coordinated efforts of DRDO, the armed forces, and industry partners in advancing India’s defence modernisation agenda.

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Indian Government Funds Start-Ups Developing Methane-Lox Rocket Engine

The Indian government has announced a significant boost to the country’s private space sector by funding three start-ups under the Technology Adoption Fund (TAF) scheme.

The initiative, managed by the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), is designed to support Indian industry in absorbing, adapting, and commercialising advanced space technologies, thereby bridging the gap between research and operational deployment.

The selection was made following a multi-stage evaluation process conducted by an expert committee comprising representatives from ISRO, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), the Department of Science and Technology (DST), academia, and industry. IN-SPACe has confirmed that it will provide continued technical guidance, monitoring, and milestone-linked disbursement of funds to ensure successful implementation of the selected projects.

Among the three chosen firms, Bangalore-based Astrobase Space Technologies stands out with its ambitious plan to develop a high-thrust closed-cycle liquid rocket engine delivering 80 tons of thrust. This engine is designed to use Methane and Liquid Oxygen (Methane-LOX) propellants, a cleaner and more efficient alternative to the toxic Unsymmetric Dimethyl Hydrazine (UDMH) and Nitrogen Tetroxide combination used in ISRO’s Vikas engine.

The Vikas engine, developed in the 1970s with French collaboration, remains ISRO’s mainstay operational propulsion system and also delivers about 80 tons of thrust. Astrobase’s project, however, aims to create a reusable propulsion solution that could serve as a commercial engine for next-generation rockets.

The choice of Methane-LOX is particularly significant, as it mirrors the propellant combination used in SpaceX’s Raptor engine, which delivers over 280 tons of thrust. ISRO itself is working on a Methane-LOX engine producing 110 tons of thrust, underscoring the importance of this technology for future launch systems. Astrobase’s project, if successful, would mark a major leap in India’s private sector capability, aligning with global trends in reusable and environmentally sustainable propulsion.

The second start-up to receive funding is SatSure Analytics India, also based in Bengaluru. SatSure is developing Dhaarini, a Large Earth Observation Model (LOM) envisioned as India’s foundational AI platform for remote sensing applications.

Trained on diverse satellite and aerial datasets, Dhaarini is designed to generate actionable insights across agriculture, infrastructure, and disaster management. By enabling data-driven decision-making at a national scale, the platform could become a critical tool for government agencies, businesses, and research institutions.

The project reflects India’s growing emphasis on artificial intelligence and big data integration into space-based applications, ensuring that satellite imagery is transformed into practical solutions for pressing socio-economic challenges.

The third firm selected is TM2SPACE Technologies, headquartered in Hyderabad. TM2SPACE will develop an indigenous AI-powered star tracker system for satellites, a critical technology for ensuring precise pointing accuracy required for high-resolution imaging and communication missions.

The project will deliver two variants: StarSense Lite for CubeSats and StarSense Pro for satellites above 50 kg. These systems will incorporate advanced optics, electronics, and onboard algorithms to achieve high-precision attitude determination.

By indigenising this technology, TM2SPACE aims to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers and strengthen India’s autonomy in satellite navigation and control systems. The development of such star trackers is vital for enhancing the performance of Earth observation and communication satellites, particularly as India expands its satellite fleet for both civilian and defence applications.

While the quantum of funding and the timeline for technology development have not yet been disclosed, the announcement signals a strong commitment by the government to foster innovation in the private space sector.

The ₹500 crore TAF scheme is expected to play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between research and operational deployment, ensuring that promising technologies are not confined to laboratories but reach commercial and strategic applications.

By supporting start-ups working on propulsion, artificial intelligence, and satellite navigation, IN-SPACe is laying the foundation for a diversified and resilient space ecosystem in India. This initiative also complements ISRO’s ongoing efforts in advanced propulsion, reusable launch vehicles, and AI-driven applications, creating a synergy between public and private sector innovation.

The selection of Astrobase, SatSure, and TM2SPACE highlights the government’s recognition of the private sector’s role in shaping India’s future in space exploration and commercialisation. With projects ranging from next-generation rocket engines to AI-driven Earth observation and satellite navigation systems, these start-ups represent the cutting edge of India’s space technology ambitions.

Their success could significantly enhance India’s competitiveness in the global space economy, while also contributing to national priorities such as sustainability, disaster resilience, and strategic autonomy.

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'Not Justified': EAM Jaishankar Voices Strong Protest With Marco Rubio Over Death of Indian Seafarers In US Navy Strike

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar has conveyed India’s strong protest to US Secretary of State Marco Rubio following the deaths of three Indian seafarers in a US Navy strike in the Gulf of Oman. 

EAM Jaishankar described the attacks on commercial shipping as unjustified and reiterated India’s firm opposition to such lethal actions against civilian maritime traffic. His remarks were made public in a post on X, where he emphasised that India views these developments with grave concern.

The incident in question involved the Marshall Islands‑flagged tanker MT Settebello, which came under fire on Wednesday after US forces accused it of breaching the ongoing naval blockade on Iranian ports. 

The vessel had 24 Indian crew members on board. While 21 were rescued, three tragically lost their lives. The Ministry of External Affairs confirmed their identities and stated that arrangements are being made to repatriate their mortal remains to India at the earliest.

India’s diplomatic response has been robust. On Friday, the Ministry of External Affairs summoned the US Charge d’Affaires, Jason Meeks, to lodge a formal protest against the continuing attacks on commercial vessels off Oman.

This was the second time in quick succession that the US mission in New Delhi was summoned, underscoring the seriousness with which India views the escalating maritime security crisis. The summons followed yet another incident in the region where a vessel carrying 20 Indian crew members came under attack, further heightening concerns about the safety of Indian nationals at sea.

MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal clarified that the vessels involved in these incidents were foreign‑flagged ships and stressed that the attacks originated from US Navy units stationed in the area. He reiterated India’s position that such actions against commercial shipping are unacceptable and pose a direct threat to freedom of navigation and international trade.

The Indian government has consistently highlighted the vulnerability of its large maritime workforce, which forms a significant part of global seafaring personnel, and has called for restraint and dialogue to prevent further escalation.

The deaths of Indian sailors in the Gulf of Oman have added to a growing list of maritime incidents in recent months, including attacks on other foreign‑flagged vessels carrying Indian crew.

These developments have drawn sharp criticism from New Delhi, which has repeatedly emphasised the need to safeguard civilian lives and uphold international maritime norms. India’s diplomatic outreach, including Jaishankar’s direct communication with Rubio, reflects its determination to protect its citizens and assert its stance against military targeting of commercial shipping.

The situation also highlights the broader geopolitical tensions in the Gulf region, where US naval operations aimed at enforcing blockades on Iranian ports have increasingly intersected with civilian maritime traffic. India has urged that such measures must not compromise the safety of seafarers or impede lawful commerce.

The government’s strong protest signals its intent to pursue accountability and ensure that the rights and safety of Indian nationals are not undermined in international waters.

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Indian Army To Acquire 300 More K9 Vajra Guns In ₹23,000-Crore Deal, Largest Artillery Procurement In Decades

The Indian Army is preparing its largest-ever artillery procurement with a ₹23,000‑crore plan to acquire 300 additional K9 Vajra self-propelled guns, which will expand its fleet to 500 units and equip around 25 regiments.

This marks a decisive step in strengthening long-range firepower for both desert and high-altitude theatres, particularly against Pakistan and China.

The Indian Army currently operates 100 K9 Vajra systems and has already ordered another 100. The proposed acquisition of 300 more units would allow the force to equip approximately 25 artillery regiments, each comprising 18 guns with two additional systems held as war-wastage reserves.

This expansion far exceeds the original Field Artillery Rationalisation Plan, which had envisaged only 100 tracked and 180 wheeled self-propelled guns. If executed, the total Vajra fleet will rise to 500, making it the backbone of India’s tracked artillery capability.

The K9 Vajra is a 155 mm/52-calibre self-propelled artillery gun system capable of precision strikes at ranges over 40 kilometres with standard ammunition, extending to about 54 kilometres with extended-range and rocket-assisted projectiles.

It can deliver a three-round burst in 15 seconds and supports Multiple Round Simultaneous Impact, enabling several shells to hit a target at the same time. Its shoot-and-scoot capability allows rapid firing and repositioning, reducing vulnerability to counter-battery fire.

The system is fitted with a semi-automatic loading mechanism, advanced fire-control system, and Nuclear, Biological and Chemical protection for the crew, while its armoured design enhances survivability.

The Vajra’s tracked platform is designed for operations across deserts, plains and mountainous regions. Following the Galwan clashes in 2020, the Army deployed the system in eastern Ladakh, where it was modified to withstand extreme cold. Trials confirmed its suitability for high-altitude deployment, and its mobility, firepower and protection have since made it a critical asset in the northern theatre. The gun can reach speeds of 67 kmph with an operational range of 480 km, ensuring flexibility in diverse terrains.

Globally, the K9 is operated by 11 countries including South Korea, Finland, Egypt and Australia, demonstrating its adaptability from Arctic conditions to desert environments. India’s version, the Vajra-T, is assembled domestically at Larsen & Toubro’s Hazira facility in Gujarat.

The system integrates 14 major components manufactured in India, such as the fire-control system, communication equipment, NBC protection system and gunner’s primary sight. Indigenous content has risen from about 50 per cent in the first batch to nearly 60 per cent in subsequent orders, reflecting the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative’s emphasis on localisation.

India’s first contract for 100 Vajras was signed in 2017 for ₹4,500 crore, with deliveries completed ahead of schedule in 2021. A follow-on order for another 100 units was signed in December 2023 for approximately ₹7,600 crore.

The new proposal, valued at ₹23,000 crore, represents the largest artillery procurement in decades. It will significantly boost Larsen & Toubro’s production mandate, pushing total output beyond 500 units and cementing India’s long-range artillery modernisation drive. The Army aims to standardise 155 mm calibre guns across regiments by 2042, and the Vajra acquisition is a cornerstone of this plan.

The rationale behind this expansion lies in the need to strengthen firepower on two simultaneous fronts. In the Thar Desert, the Vajra provides rapid strike capability against Pakistan, while in Ladakh it offers reliable performance in extreme cold against China.

Its ability to fire within 30 seconds and relocate in under a minute makes it indispensable for modern warfare, where survivability against counter-battery fire is crucial.

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All Crew Safe As MEA Refutes Reports of Attack On Liaki Freedom

India’s Ministry of External Affairs has confirmed that all crew members aboard the Marshall Islands‑flagged tanker Liaki Freedom are safe, dismissing earlier reports of an attack as false. The clarification comes amid heightened tensions in the Gulf of Oman, where three other vessels carrying Indian sailors were struck by US forces earlier this week.

India issued a statement on Saturday morning confirming that it had spoken directly with the Master of the vessel Liaki Freedom, who assured that all crew members were unharmed. The Ministry emphasised that earlier reports of casualties were inaccurate and urged caution against false and baseless claims circulating on social media. The MEA’s Fact Check division reiterated the need for vigilance, warning seafarers and the public to remain alert to misinformation.

The vessel Liaki Freedom, a Marshall Islands‑flagged tankship, was reported to have been struck while sailing between Khor Fakkan anchorage in the United Arab Emirates and Shinas port in Oman. The Forward Seamen’s Union of India had earlier raised concerns after losing communication with the vessel when its Very High Frequency radio became unresponsive.

The union tracked the ship’s coordinates to Latitude 24°43.85N and Longitude 56°37.52E, which helped confirm its location and safety status.

The clarification comes against the backdrop of a series of hostile incidents in the Gulf of Oman and Strait of Hormuz. On 8 June, the Palau‑flagged tanker Marivex carrying 24 Indian crew members was disabled by US forces, though all were rescued. On 10 June, the Palau‑flagged tanker Settebello was struck, resulting in the deaths of three Indian sailors and the rescue of 21 others.

The following day, the Guinea‑Bissau‑flagged tanker Jalveer was attacked near Shinas port, with all 20 Indian crew members evacuated safely. These incidents prompted India to summon the US Charge d’Affaires Jason Meeks twice in one week to lodge strong diplomatic protests.

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar confirmed that he had spoken to US Secretary of State Marco Rubio to convey India’s firm opposition to such actions. He described the attacks on commercial shipping as unjustified and reiterated India’s demand that civilian maritime traffic must not be endangered. His remarks followed the deaths of three Indian sailors aboard the Settebello, whose mortal remains are being repatriated to India.

The MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal stressed that the vessels involved in these incidents were foreign‑flagged, underscoring India’s concern that its nationals serving aboard international merchant ships are being caught in escalating hostilities.

India has consistently opposed military targeting of commercial shipping, highlighting that thousands of Indian nationals form a critical part of the global maritime workforce.

The Gulf of Oman and Strait of Hormuz remain vital maritime corridors for global energy shipments, and repeated attacks on vessels with Indian crew members have heightened anxiety among shipping companies and seafarer organisations.

India has called for dialogue and diplomacy to safeguard freedom of navigation and protect civilian lives. The government continues to coordinate closely with missions abroad, the Indian Navy, and seafarer unions to ensure the safety of its nationals.

ANI

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Beleaguered Pakistan Raises Defence Spending While Development Is Squeezed To Meet IMF Targets

Pakistan unveiled a budget worth 18.77 trillion rupees ($67.49 billion) on Friday, signalling a sharp increase in defence expenditure while curtailing development spending.

The government is attempting to balance the demands of the International Monetary Fund program with domestic political sensitivities, leaving limited space for welfare measures or tax relief.

Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb announced that defence allocations would rise to 3 trillion rupees in the fiscal year beginning July, an 18% increase compared with the outgoing year. Federal development spending, however, has been capped at 1 trillion rupees, reflecting the government’s prioritisation of security and debt obligations over infrastructure and social investment.

The increase in defence spending followed consultations with provincial governments, which agreed to pool fiscal resources for security needs, resulting in cutbacks to provincial development plans. Aurangzeb emphasised that defence spending had been raised “to make the country invincible due to the uncertainty in the region.”

The budget underscores Pakistan’s limited fiscal manoeuvrability, with debt servicing, defence requirements, and IMF targets dominating priorities. Tax revenue is projected at 15.26 trillion rupees, up 8.2% from the previous year’s 14.13 trillion, despite the Federal Board of Revenue missing its earlier target.

Much of this revenue is expected to come from taxes and levies, particularly petroleum levies, which are budgeted to generate 20.60 trillion rupees. Analysts caution that the burden will fall disproportionately on salaried workers and businesses already within the tax net, while politically influential sectors such as agriculture, retail, and real estate remain resistant to taxation.

The federal deficit is projected at 7.02 trillion rupees, with the overall fiscal deficit targeted at 5.23 trillion rupees, or 3.6% of GDP, after accounting for a provincial surplus of 1.79 trillion rupees. 

Islamabad has committed to achieving a primary budget surplus of 2% of GDP, excluding debt-service payments, as part of its IMF program obligations. This requirement effectively forces the government to collect more than it spends before interest payments, leaving little scope for tax cuts or new welfare initiatives.

The budget was delayed by a week and arrives amid renewed inflationary pressures triggered by the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran. The conflict has driven global oil prices higher, pushing Pakistan’s inflation back into double digits just as signs of stabilisation had begun to appear.

The government has set ambitious targets of 4% economic growth and 8.2% inflation for the coming fiscal year, compared with 3.7% projected growth and 6.7% average inflation in the outgoing year.

Pakistan’s economic challenges remain acute. Having narrowly avoided default in 2023, Islamabad is striving to keep its $7 billion IMF program on track. Debt repayments, rising defence costs, and external shocks from regional conflicts are squeezing fiscal space, leaving little room for welfare expansion or relief measures. Analysts note that the adjustment burden is likely to fall on the middle class, exacerbating social pressures at a time when inflation and unemployment remain high.

The government’s fiscal strategy reflects a delicate balancing act between external commitments and domestic stability. While the IMF program demands fiscal discipline and surplus generation, political realities constrain the government’s ability to broaden the tax base or introduce reforms in sectors dominated by powerful lobbies.

The emphasis on defence spending highlights the security-first approach, but it comes at the expense of development and welfare, raising concerns about long-term growth and social equity.

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EAM Jaishankar And Misri Reaffirm India-Russia Strategic Partnership On Russia Day

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar on Friday extended warm greetings to Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, the Russian government, and the people of Russia on the occasion of Russia Day.

In his message, Jaishankar expressed confidence in the continued advancement of India-Russia ties, reaffirming the enduring nature of the Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership between the two nations.

His post on X read, “Congratulations to FM Sergey Lavrov, the Government and people of the Russian Federation on the occasion of the Day of Russia. Look forward to continued advancement of our Special & Privileged Strategic Partnership.”

Russia Day, celebrated annually on 12 June, commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1990. It is recognised as the national day of the Russian Federation and is marked by official ceremonies, cultural events, and public celebrations across Russia and in diplomatic missions abroad.

In New Delhi, the Russian Embassy hosted a state reception to mark the occasion, with India’s Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri attending as the Chief Guest. According to the Ministry of External Affairs, Misri conveyed India’s best wishes on Russia’s national day and reaffirmed the country’s commitment to strengthening the Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership. The MEA noted in its post on X that Misri’s presence underscored India’s resolve to further enhance bilateral cooperation with Moscow.

Russian Ambassador to India Denis Alipov, in his welcome address, emphasised Russia’s significant role in shaping international affairs amid the evolving multipolar global order. He highlighted Russia’s growing technological and financial self-reliance and reiterated Moscow’s commitment to maintaining friendship and expanding its comprehensive strategic partnership with India.

His remarks reflected Russia’s determination to deepen ties with New Delhi despite global geopolitical challenges.

Foreign Secretary Misri, in his address, underlined that the India-Russia relationship continues to serve as an anchor of stability in an increasingly complex geopolitical environment. He stressed that the partnership helps advance the shared interests of both nations, reinforcing the importance of their longstanding cooperation in defence, energy, trade, and emerging technologies.

The reception also featured a cultural performance by the “Stilyagi Band,” organised with the support of the Moscow Government, adding a festive dimension to the diplomatic event.

The celebration highlighted not only the political and strategic aspects of the relationship but also the cultural bonds that continue to enrich India-Russia ties.

The reaffirmation of commitment by both Jaishankar and Misri on Russia Day reflects the enduring strength of the India-Russia partnership, which has consistently been described as “Special and Privileged.” It demonstrates the willingness of both nations to adapt their cooperation to the evolving global order while preserving the historical depth of their relationship.

ANI

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Defence Minister Rajnath Singh Warns Pakistan: No Indus Waters For Terror Sponsors

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has delivered a stern warning to Pakistan, declaring that India will not allow the waters of the Sindhu river to reach those who sponsor terrorism.

Speaking at an ‘Intellectuals Meet’ organised by the Telangana BJP in Hyderabad, he condemned Pakistan’s continued support for cross‑border terror and emphasised that the NDA government remains resolute in its stance.

He stated that through Operation Sindoor, India has shown the world that it knows how to respond to those who fail to understand the language of peace and harmony.

Singh recalled the aftermath of the Pahalgam terror attack, noting that India suspended the Indus Waters Treaty as a sovereign response under international law. He reiterated Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s declaration that “blood and water will not flow together,” stressing that those whose tears have dried up should not expect water from India.

He underlined that the suspension of the treaty will continue until Pakistan credibly and irrevocably renounces its support for terrorism. India’s message since Pahalgam has been consistent: treaties cannot operate in isolation from ground realities, and abnormal hostility cannot coexist with cooperation on shared resources.

The Indus Waters Treaty, signed on 19 September 1960 between India and Pakistan, has long been regarded as one of the world’s most cited water‑sharing agreements. However, Singh made clear that until Pakistan addresses what New Delhi describes as “abnormal hostility,” the treaty will remain suspended in both spirit and practice.

Operation Sindoor, launched in response to the Pahalgam attack, was highlighted as a demonstration of India’s ability to push back against aggression and to show that its red lines in counter‑terrorism are firm.

In his address, Singh also spoke about the NDA government’s achievements over the past twelve years. He cited the abrogation of Article 370, progress towards making the country largely free of Naxal violence, the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax, nationwide electrification, and reforms in the justice system. He reminded the audience that there was a time when Congress claimed Article 370 could never be abolished, yet his government achieved it with ease.

Turning to developments in Kashmir, Singh emphasised that the region, once synonymous with terrorism, is now witnessing growth in tourism, investments, and employment opportunities.

He pointed out that the tricolour now flies proudly at Srinagar’s Lal Chowk, Krishna Janmashtami is being celebrated there for the first time, Muharram processions are being conducted peacefully, and cinema halls that had remained closed for decades are reopening.

These changes, he argued, reflect the transformation of Kashmir under the NDA government’s policies, marking a shift from instability to progress.

Singh’s remarks reinforced India’s hardened diplomatic and strategic posture, linking water‑sharing arrangements directly to the issue of state‑sponsored terrorism. His warning to Pakistan underscores that India’s hydrological policy is inseparable from its national security imperatives, and that cooperation cannot continue alongside aggression. The message was clear: India will not allow its rivers to sustain those who patronise terror.

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India And Bangladesh Agree To Strengthen Border Cooperation With Coordinated Patrols Amid Migrant Tensions

India and Bangladesh have agreed to intensify border cooperation through coordinated patrols, real-time intelligence sharing, and joint action against trans-border crimes, following a four-day meeting in New Delhi. The talks come amid heightened tensions over alleged forced migrant push-ins and disputes over undocumented migration.

Bangladesh has repeatedly accused India of attempting to push migrants across the frontier without due process, a charge that has complicated bilateral relations since the ousting of Sheikh Hasina in 2024. 

India, meanwhile, insists that deportations are conducted through structured bilateral mechanisms requiring nationality verification. The issue has become politically charged, with India’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party prioritising the identification and deportation of undocumented migrants, particularly in border states such as Tripura, West Bengal, and Assam.

The Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) and India’s Border Security Force (BSF) described their latest discussions as cordial, positive, and forward-looking. The talks covered illegal, inadvertent, and forcible crossings, which have become increasingly contentious in recent months.

Bangladesh has claimed to have sent more than a dozen letters to New Delhi demanding an end to alleged push-in practices, while the BGB has reported foiling several attempts in recent weeks. In response, it has stepped up deployments, intelligence operations, and drone surveillance along sensitive stretches of the border.

Earlier this week, Bangladesh’s State Minister for Foreign Affairs, Shama Obaed Islam, declared that any push-ins without due process were “absolutely unacceptable,” warning that such actions could undermine efforts to improve bilateral ties.

Dhaka has also intensified patrols and launched awareness campaigns along parts of the frontier to prevent forced crossings. India, for its part, stated in May that it had asked Bangladesh to verify the nationality of more than 2,860 suspected Bangladeshi nationals residing in India without documentation.

The joint statement released after the meeting confirmed that both sides had discussed a wide range of issues beyond migration. These included human trafficking, border deaths, smuggling, construction of border infrastructure, and the implementation of the Coordinated Border Management Plan.

Both delegations reaffirmed their commitment to maintaining peace, tranquillity, and stability along the border, pledging to strengthen coordinated patrols, enhance vigilance, improve real-time information sharing, and intensify joint action against trans-border criminal networks.

The meeting was significant as it was the first DG-level conference since the BNP government assumed power in Dhaka earlier this year and the BJP secured victory in West Bengal under Chief Minister Suvendu Adhikari. The new West Bengal government has pledged strong measures against illegal infiltrators, promising a “3D action” of detect, delete, and deport. Against this backdrop, the border talks carried added weight, reflecting the political and security imperatives on both sides.

The Indian delegation was led by BSF Director General Praveen Kumar, while the Bangladesh side was headed by BGB Director General Major General Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman Siddiqui.

The conference was conducted in a cordial atmosphere, underscoring the enduring cooperation and mutual trust between the two forces despite ongoing disputes. Both sides expressed satisfaction with the outcome and agreed to meet again in Dhaka in November 2026 to continue reviewing the border situation and strengthen mechanisms for cooperation.

The India-Bangladesh border, stretching over 4,096 kilometres, remains one of the most active and contested frontiers in South Asia. With more than half of this length lying in West Bengal, the challenges of managing migration, smuggling, and cross-border crime are immense.

The latest agreement signals a renewed attempt by both nations to balance security concerns with diplomatic engagement, aiming to prevent further deterioration in relations while addressing the humanitarian and political complexities of migration.

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UN Condemns Tanker Attack As Trump Rejects Iran Peace Claims

Stephane Dujarric, the Chief Spokesperson for United Nations Secretary‑General Antonio Guterres, has condemned the attack on the commercial tanker MT Settebello that killed three Indian seafarers.

He stated that the incident had already been denounced by the Secretary‑General of the International Maritime Organisation and emphasised that the United Nations fully supported and seconded that language.

His remarks underscored the gravity of the assault, which has drawn widespread international concern over the safety of maritime traffic in the Gulf region.

The condemnation came amid reports suggesting that a memorandum of understanding for a peace agreement between Tehran and Washington was under discussion. According to these reports, the proposed deal included an extension of the ceasefire, the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, and a framework for further talks on Iran’s nuclear programme.

However, US President Donald Trump rejected these claims, accusing Iran of misrepresenting the contents of the proposed agreement and acting in bad faith. He criticised the Iranian leadership for what he described as dishonourable conduct and insisted that the leaked terms bore no relation to the actual written agreement.

In a post on Truth Social, Trump alleged that Iran was behind the attacks on three vessels carrying Indian seafarers near the Strait of Hormuz, which resulted in the deaths of three sailors. This assertion came despite the US Central Command having confirmed that the strikes were carried out by American naval forces.

Trump described the incident as “totally unacceptable” and accused Iran of spreading falsehoods about the peace process. He declared that the terms leaked to the media were fabricated and dismissed Iran’s statements as weak and pathetic.

Trump went further, branding Iran’s leaders as dishonourable and incapable of negotiating in good faith. He also referred to a drone attack allegedly launched by Iran against Indian ships leaving the Strait of Hormuz, which he said had been rebuffed. He warned that such actions were unacceptable and demanded that Iran change its behaviour quickly. His remarks highlighted the deep mistrust between Washington and Tehran, even as diplomatic efforts continue to seek a resolution to the crisis.

Meanwhile, CNN reported, citing multiple diplomatic sources, that the memorandum between the US and Iran was expected to be signed in Geneva, Switzerland.

The proposed agreement envisaged a 60‑day ceasefire across all fronts, including Lebanon, beginning immediately upon signing. It also included provisions for reopening the Strait of Hormuz without Iran imposing transit charges, ensuring uninterrupted movement of energy supplies and commercial shipments.

Maritime traffic through the strategic waterway was expected to gradually return to pre‑conflict levels within 30 days of the agreement’s signing. These details, if confirmed, would represent a significant step towards stabilising the region and restoring confidence in international shipping routes.

The juxtaposition of the UN’s condemnation of the attack, Trump’s rejection of the reported peace terms, and the leaked details of the Geneva memorandum illustrates the complexity of the current situation.

On one hand, there is international pressure to secure maritime safety and de‑escalate tensions, while on the other, political mistrust and conflicting narratives continue to hinder progress. The deaths of Indian seafarers have added urgency to calls for accountability and reinforced the need for a credible diplomatic solution that ensures both regional stability and the protection of civilian lives.

ANI

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India And Nepal Review Progress On Cross‑Border Railway Cooperation

India and Nepal convened the 10th Project Steering Committee and the 8th Joint Working Group meetings in Kathmandu from 11–12 June 2026 to review the implementation of ongoing cross‑border railway projects and to strengthen cooperation in the railway sector.

The meetings were held under the framework of bilateral collaboration, with both sides reaffirming their commitment to enhancing connectivity through rail infrastructure.

The discussions centred on the Jaynagar‑Bijalpura‑Bardibas and Jogbani‑Biratnagar broad‑gauge railway lines, which are being developed with grant assistance from the Government of India. These projects are seen as vital for improving passenger and freight movement between the two countries, thereby boosting trade, tourism, and people‑to‑people ties.

The review also covered the Standard Operating Procedures for commencing passenger train services on the Janakpur‑Ayodhya section, a route of cultural and religious significance that is expected to facilitate easier travel for pilgrims and tourists.

The Final Location Survey Report of the proposed Raxaul‑Kathmandu broad‑gauge railway link was discussed, highlighting the importance of this project in directly connecting Nepal’s capital with India’s railway network.

Technical support for Nepal’s ambitious East‑West Railway Link was also deliberated, alongside proposals for additional railway connections to expand the scope of bilateral cooperation. Both sides agreed to maintain close engagement to ensure timely progress and effective implementation of these projects.

The meetings built upon the momentum of earlier discussions held in February 2025 in New Delhi, during the 9th PSC and 7th JWG sessions. At that time, the preparedness for commencing work on the remaining sections of the Jaynagar‑Bijalpura‑Bardibas and Jogbani‑Biratnagar lines was reviewed.

The Nepali side had assured facilitation for early commencement and completion of these sections, including Bijalpura to Bardibas and Nepal Custom Yard to Biratnagar. These assurances were reiterated in the latest meetings, underlining Nepal’s commitment to advancing the projects.

The Indian delegation was led by Rohit Rathish, Joint Secretary (DPA‑III) in the Ministry of External Affairs, and Pradeep Ojha, Executive Director (Traffic Transportation‑Freight) from the Ministry of Railways.

The Nepali side was headed by Sushil Babu Dhakal, Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport. Their participation reflected the high‑level attention being accorded to railway cooperation as a cornerstone of bilateral relations.

The railway projects under discussion are part of a broader effort to deepen India‑Nepal connectivity, complementing road and digital infrastructure initiatives. The Jaynagar‑Bijalpura‑Bardibas line, once fully operational, will link Nepal’s Terai region with India’s extensive railway network, while the Jogbani‑Biratnagar line will enhance access to one of Nepal’s key industrial hubs.

The proposed Raxaul‑Kathmandu link is particularly significant, as it would provide Nepal with a direct rail connection to India’s major trade corridors, reducing transport costs and fostering economic integration.

These developments also align with India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy and Nepal’s emphasis on infrastructure‑led growth. The railway cooperation is expected to contribute to regional connectivity initiatives, supporting broader South Asian integration.

The meetings in Kathmandu thus marked another step forward in the long‑standing partnership between the two countries, reinforcing their shared vision of enhanced connectivity and mutual prosperity.

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India And Tajikistan Reaffirm Strategic Partnership As Kirti Vardhan Singh Highlights SCO Vision In Dushanbe

India and Tajikistan reaffirmed their strategic partnership during Minister of State Kirti Vardhan Singh’s visit to Dushanbe, where he met Tajik Foreign Minister Sirojiddin Muhriddin and participated in a major SCO conference. The visit underscored India’s commitment to Central Asia as its extended neighbourhood and highlighted preparations for the inaugural SCO Civilizational Dialogue in Kolkata next month.

Union Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh held a detailed meeting with Tajikistan’s Foreign Minister Sirojiddin Muhriddin in Dushanbe. The two leaders reviewed the full spectrum of bilateral relations, focusing on expanding cooperation in areas of mutual interest.

Singh reaffirmed the longstanding friendship and strategic partnership between India and Tajikistan, which has been built on decades of close political, defence, and cultural ties. He extended an invitation to Tajikistan for high-level participation in the inaugural SCO Civilizational Dialogue, scheduled to be hosted in Kolkata from 17–19 July 2026.

The SCO Civilizational Dialogue will be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who will deliver the keynote address. The forum is designed to deepen mutual understanding, promote intercultural dialogue, and celebrate the shared heritage and arts of SCO member states. India views this initiative as a way to strengthen civilisational linkages and youth engagement, while also enhancing cultural exchanges and regional connectivity.

During his two-day visit, Singh also participated in the SCO Conference titled “Central Asia – The Core of SCO: A Space of Peace and Joint Development.” In his address, he outlined India’s strategic vision for the bloc, emphasising the importance of Central Asia in India’s foreign policy. He described Central Asia as India’s “extended neighbourhood” and a vital partner in fostering prosperity, security, and economic integration across Eurasia.

Singh highlighted that 2026 marks the 25th anniversary of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, calling it an opportune moment for reflection and recalibration amid global disruptions. He stressed the unique significance of the current leadership structure within the SCO, noting that Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan hold the presidencies of the Council of Heads of State and the Council of Heads of Government, respectively. This dual leadership by Central Asian nations presents a rare opportunity to shape the organisation’s future direction.

India’s priorities within the SCO were clearly articulated by Singh. He emphasised youth engagement, cultural exchanges, strengthening regional connectivity, and civilisational linkages. These priorities align with India’s broader vision of using the SCO as a platform for peace, joint development, and deeper integration with Central Asia.

His remarks also reaffirmed India’s enduring commitment to the SCO and its member states, particularly at a time when the global order faces volatility and uncertainty.

The visit further reinforced India’s diplomatic outreach in Central Asia, a region of growing strategic importance. India and Tajikistan share strong defence cooperation, with India maintaining a presence at the Ayni Air Base near Dushanbe and conducting regular joint training programmes. The bilateral relationship also extends to cultural and educational exchanges, reflecting the deep-rooted civilisational ties between the two nations.

By reaffirming its partnership with Tajikistan and the wider Central Asian region, India has signalled its intent to play a proactive role in shaping the SCO’s future trajectory. The upcoming Civilizational Dialogue in Kolkata will serve as a landmark event, showcasing India’s leadership in promoting intercultural understanding and regional cooperation.

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Iran Warns Final Deal Hinges On US Compliance, Remote Signing Possible

Iran has issued a stern warning that nuclear negotiations with the United States will not advance unless an interim agreement is implemented, stressing that the final deal will not be signed if its provisions are not met.

Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi made clear in remarks to Iran’s state broadcaster, IRIB, that Tehran will not proceed without firm guarantees of compliance from Washington.

Araghchi explained that once an initial agreement is signed, the United States would be given a 60‑day window to fulfil its commitments. He cautioned that if obligations are not met, the situation could revert to its previous state.

He emphasised that Iran’s Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) would collectively decide on the text, noting that there are both supporters and opponents within the council. He added that if approved, the agreement would be signed remotely, underscoring Tehran’s cautious approach.

The Foreign Minister elaborated that during the 60‑day period, Iran may reach an understanding with the United States or extend the ceasefire.

However, he warned that it was equally possible that Iran could return to the earlier state of confrontation if Washington failed to deliver. He stressed that Iran expects implementation challenges, alleging that US officials may not fully adhere to the deal. “Breaking promises is in the nature of US statesmen; we must expect major obstacles in implementing the agreement,” he said, adding that Iran would block any loopholes that could allow for non‑compliance.

Araghchi was unequivocal in stating that Iran does not rely on external institutions to guarantee its security. He declared, “We do NOT rely on the Security Council, the United Nations, or trans‑regional coalitions to guarantee our security.

Our reliance is only on God, our people, and our own armed forces.” This reflects Tehran’s longstanding distrust of international mechanisms and its insistence on self‑reliance in matters of national defence.

The remarks highlight Iran’s deep scepticism about Washington’s reliability, a theme consistent with past negotiations where Tehran has accused the United States of shifting positions and failing to honour commitments. Analysts note that the insistence on a remote signing also signals Iran’s desire to avoid the optics of a celebratory ceremony until compliance is proven. The 60‑day conditional window represents a tactical safeguard, allowing Iran to test Washington’s sincerity before committing to a final settlement.

The situation remains fluid, with the SNSC’s internal divisions adding another layer of uncertainty. Supporters of the text argue that it could stabilise the region and ease economic pressures, while opponents warn that the United States cannot be trusted to uphold its side of the bargain. The outcome of these deliberations will determine whether the interim agreement evolves into a lasting settlement or collapses under the weight of mistrust.

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DRDO's NETRA Airborne System Set For Final Clearance

The Defence Research and Development Organisation’s indigenously developed NETRA Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) system is set to achieve a landmark milestone with the award of its Final Operational Clearance (FOC) on 25 June 2026.

The ceremony will be held at the Centre for Airborne Systems (CABS) in Bangalore, marking the culmination of more than two decades of development and operational validation.

The FOC certifies that the aircraft is fully combat‑ready, structurally sound, and equipped with all required mission capabilities, following the earlier Initial Operational Clearance phase.

The Indian Air Force currently operates three NETRA MK-1 aircraft based on the Embraer ERJ‑145 platform. These are stationed at Bhisiana Air Force Station near Bathinda in Punjab with No. 200 Squadron.

Inducted in 2015, the aircraft have already proven their operational worth in several high‑intensity scenarios. They were deployed during the Balakot airstrikes in 2019, the India‑China border stand‑off in 2020, and most recently during Operation Sindoor in 2025.

The NETRA fleet is complemented by three Beriev A‑50 Phalcon AWACS aircraft based on the Russian IL‑76 platform, which provide 360‑degree coverage and form the backbone of India’s airborne surveillance capability.

AEW&C aircraft are a critical element of network‑centric warfare. Equipped with advanced radars and sensors, they act as airborne command posts, detecting hostile aircraft and missiles at long ranges, guiding friendly fighters during missions, and relaying real‑time battlefield data to command centres.

Their role as “eyes in the sky” ensures that the IAF maintains situational awareness and operational superiority in contested airspaces.

The NETRA program traces its origins to 2003, when the IAF and DRDO jointly studied the feasibility of developing an indigenous AEW&C system. Following government approval, CABS was designated as the nodal agency for design, system integration, and testing.

Four other DRDO laboratories contributed to the effort: the Electronics and Radar Development Establishment developed the primary radar, the Defence Electronics Application Laboratory handled communication systems and data links, the Defence Avionics Research Establishment worked on the self‑protection suite and electronic warfare measures, and the Defence Electronics Research Laboratory provided communication support.

Three ERJ‑145 aircraft were procured from Brazil and extensively modified to meet military requirements. These modifications included in‑flight refuelling capability, satellite communication systems, advanced avionics, electrical upgrades, and aerodynamic and structural changes. 

The first fully modified aircraft undertook its maiden flight in December 2011 at Embraer’s Brazilian facility and was delivered to DRDO in August 2012.

The first NETRA aircraft was handed over to the IAF in February 2017, receiving IOC in October 2017 after trials at Bhisiana. The second and third aircraft joined the fleet in 2019 and 2023 respectively.

The central government has already approved the development of six additional NETRA MK-1A aircraft. These will feature an enhanced mission suite, upgraded sensors, and longer‑range radars capable of detecting low‑observability platforms such as drones and stealth aircraft. They will also incorporate improved human‑machine interfaces and tighter integration with IAF’s command and control systems.

Parallel plans are underway for the NETRA MK‑2 program, which will involve a larger platform and more powerful radar systems. Six Airbus A321 aircraft have been procured from Air India for this purpose.

The MK‑2 is expected to deliver detection ranges exceeding 500 kilometres, improved situational awareness, and greater endurance, thereby bridging the gap with advanced AEW&C systems operated by other major air forces.

The award of FOC to the NETRA MK-1 represents a significant achievement for India’s indigenous defence industry. It validates the collaborative effort of multiple DRDO laboratories and the IAF, while also demonstrating India’s ability to field complex airborne surveillance systems.

With the MK‑1 fleet now fully combat‑ready, the forthcoming MK‑1A and MK‑2 variants will ensure that India’s airborne early warning capability continues to expand in both scale and sophistication.

ANI

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