RCI Issues RFP For PRAHAR Launcher Refurbishment To Support PRALAY Missile Operations

The Research Centre Imarat has floated a Request for Proposal for the modification and refurbishment of the 8x8 PRAHAR launcher to enable integration of a complete communication suite for PRALAY missile launch operations, Alpha Defense reported.

This marks a significant step in adapting existing launcher infrastructure to meet the requirements of India’s emerging tactical ballistic missile program.

The scope of work covers the integration of communication systems and other required subsystems onto the custom 8x8 PRAHAR launcher — specifically the SATCOM subsystem, LoS subsystem, and data & network subsystems. It includes establishing internal communications within the 8x8 launcher; establishing SATCOM, LoS, and optical communications between the customer launcher (8x8) and the customer's BCC system; and validating and verifying the communication link performance.

These shelters are designed to ensure robust protection against electromagnetic interference while providing reliable power and communication capabilities during operational deployment.

A telescopic Line-of-Sight mast and SATCOM antenna are to be mechanically integrated onto the driver’s cabin of the launcher. This integration will allow the platform to establish secure and redundant communication links across multiple channels, ensuring operational flexibility in varied battlefield conditions.

RCI will supply the SATCOM, Line-of-Sight, and network hardware, including antennas, Block Upconverters, modems, routers, and radios. The selected firm will be responsible for integration, cabling, and platform strengthening to ensure seamless incorporation of the communication suite into the launcher’s architecture. This division of responsibilities underscores RCI’s role in providing core technology while leveraging industry expertise for structural and integration tasks.

The communication link to the Battery Command Centre will be established over SATCOM, Line-of-Sight radio, and fibre-optic channels. These links will be validated through trials at RCI Hyderabad, followed by two flight trials at the Integrated Test Range in Chandipur. Such multi-channel redundancy is critical to ensure uninterrupted command and control during missile launch operations.

The delivery timeline for the modified launcher has been set at two months from the issuance of the purchase order. This accelerated schedule reflects the urgency of operationalising the PRALAY missile system and integrating it into India’s broader tactical strike capabilities.

The refurbishment of the PRAHAR launcher for PRALAY operations highlights India’s pragmatic approach to defence modernisation. By adapting existing assets with advanced communication suites, the program ensures cost-effective deployment while enhancing battlefield survivability and responsiveness.

The integration of SATCOM and Line-of-Sight systems also aligns with global trends in network-centric warfare, where secure and redundant communication links are indispensable for precision strike missions.

Agencies

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Dassault Restructures Rafale MRFA Deal To Avoid MMRCA Pitfalls

Dassault Aviation is restructuring its approach to India’s 114 Rafale MRFA deal, determined to avoid the pitfalls that derailed the earlier 126‑aircraft MMRCA tender.

The company has announced that it will assume full responsibility for the aircraft, select its own Indian partners, and conduct ground and flight testing locally, ensuring tighter control over quality, delivery, and liability.

India cleared the proposal for 114 Rafales earlier this year, with Reuters reporting in February 2026 that the government had given initial approval. French President Emmanuel Macron also confirmed India’s interest in co‑producing the jets, while Dassault’s CEO stated that the company intends to sign the contract within this year.

This would mark India’s largest fighter acquisition to date, significantly expanding the Indian Air Force’s fleet beyond the 36 Rafales already in service.

The earlier 126‑jet MMRCA deal collapsed due to unresolved disputes over responsibility for HAL‑built Rafales.

The Comptroller and Auditor General highlighted the absence of a clear guarantee for aircraft quality and delivery, which created uncertainty and ultimately led to the tender’s withdrawal in 2015. Dassault’s new approach directly addresses these concerns by centralising accountability and eliminating ambiguity over production responsibility.

Dassault has already taken steps to embed manufacturing in India. In June 2025, it signed four Production Transfer Agreements with TATA Advanced Systems Limited to produce Rafale fuselage sections in Hyderabad.

This facility, the first Rafale fuselage production site outside France, is expected to deliver two fuselages per month from 2028 onwards. The localisation of fuselage production is a major milestone, and Dassault is now expanding its supplier base to include multiple Indian firms rather than relying on a single default partner.

The company’s strategy is to select suppliers based on technical expertise, production capacity, and alignment with India’s self‑reliance goals. This modular approach is designed to prevent the confusion and inefficiencies that plagued the earlier tender. By diversifying partnerships, Dassault aims to build a more resilient supply chain and accelerate delivery schedules.

The MRFA deal is also expected to include integration of indigenous weapons such as the Astra missile and BrahMos‑NG cruise missile, enhancing operational sovereignty for the Indian Air Force. Local ground and flight testing will embed advanced aerospace technologies within India’s ecosystem, creating thousands of skilled jobs and strengthening India’s defence industrial base.

Strategically, the Rafale F4 standard being offered introduces upgraded electronic warfare systems, enhanced connectivity, and compatibility with next‑generation missiles.

This will bolster India’s deterrence posture against regional adversaries, particularly China’s J‑20 and Pakistan’s planned induction of the J‑35. The localisation push also aligns with India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat program, transforming the country from a buyer into a co‑producer of advanced Western combat aircraft.

Dassault’s decision to take full responsibility marks a decisive departure from the earlier MMRCA framework. By ensuring accountability, expanding local manufacturing, and diversifying suppliers, the company is laying the foundation for a cleaner, more efficient system that avoids past mistakes and strengthens Indo‑French defence cooperation.

Agencies

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Kusha Dir Defence Missile Surpasses Range Expectations In First-Stage Trials

India’s Kusha surface-to-air missile has achieved a significant breakthrough during its first-stage trials in Odisha. Developed by Nagpur-based Solar Defence and Aerospace Limited (SDAL), the missile exceeded the stipulated range parameters, marking a major step towards the government’s plan to establish an indigenous multilayer air defence system under Mission Sudarshan Chakra, Times of India reported.

The Kusha missile is being positioned as the Indian counterpart to the Russian S-400 system. It has already been deployed by the Indian Air Force during Operation Sindoor, demonstrating its operational relevance. During the trial, the missile surpassed the expected range of 120 kilometres, achieving a performance substantially above the set parameters.

The trial is the first of three stages, with two more phases planned before final user evaluation and clearance. SDAL chairperson Satyanarayan Nuwal confirmed that the company aims to complete the second and third stage trials within the stipulated timeframe. He emphasised that the range achieved was higher than anticipated, underscoring the missile’s advanced capabilities.

SDAL is serving as the development-cum-production partner (DcPP) for the missile alongside the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Bharat Dynamics Limited, a public sector undertaking, is also a DcPP in the project. Once the missile clears all evaluations, production will begin on a bulk scale to meet orders from the armed forces.

Sources have indicated that, similar to the S-400, the Kusha missile will be developed in three variants. These will cover ranges of 120–150 kilometres, 250 kilometres, and 400 kilometres, thereby providing layered protection against diverse aerial threats. This tiered approach is expected to form the backbone of Mission Sudarshan Chakra, India’s indigenous multi-layered air defence program.

The successful trial not only strengthens India’s defence industry but also reduces reliance on foreign imports.

It reflects the growing capability of domestic firms like SDAL to deliver advanced systems in partnership with DRDO and other state-run enterprises. The achievement is seen as a milestone in India’s pursuit of self-reliance in defence manufacturing under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Agencies

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India’s Cyber Governance Under Scrutiny Amid DRDO Leak Claims

According to a disturbing report by UNI, sensitive DRDO design leak claims have reignited debate over India’s cyber governance maturity, with experts warning that protecting strategic information is now inseparable from national security. KS Manoj stresses that classification alone is insufficient without robust technical safeguards and resilient governance mechanisms.

Claims of sensitive Defence Research and Development Organisation design documents being leaked, alongside restricted technical information surfacing on public platforms and dark web marketplaces, have drawn renewed attention to India’s cyber governance.

Engineering Physicist and Industrial Cybersecurity Specialist KS Manoj emphasised that such reports must be treated seriously, though speculation should not replace evidence-based verification.

He noted that the immediate questions are whether the documents are genuine or fabricated, and if genuine, how they escaped controlled environments. Possible routes of exposure include vulnerabilities in contractors and supply chains, insider threats, or shortcomings in institutional information governance. Manoj urged competent authorities to verify authenticity and, where necessary, initiate legal, administrative, and security measures.

He referenced the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant data exposure and the DRDO design leak claims as examples underscoring the importance of protecting sensitive technical information. Authoritative communication from agencies is essential to maintain public confidence, counter misinformation, and prevent unnecessary speculation on matters of national security.

The developments raise a larger question: is India’s cyber governance keeping pace with its rapid technological transformation? India is advancing in artificial intelligence, space exploration, defence technologies, nuclear energy, smart grids, and semiconductor manufacturing. While these represent major progress, Manoj warned that governance systems protecting the information generated must evolve equally.

Cyber governance, he explained, should not be seen narrowly as hacking, ransomware, or data theft. It encompasses policies, processes, and institutional mechanisms governing information throughout its lifecycle—from creation and classification to storage, transmission, protection, sharing, archiving, and secure disposal. In the digital era, information itself has become a strategic national asset.

Engineering drawings, software source code, industrial control system configurations, system architecture diagrams, testing reports, bills of materials, and technical specifications, when analysed collectively, reveal valuable insights into a country’s technological capabilities, industrial processes, supply chains, and critical infrastructure. Protecting such information is therefore an essential element of national security.

Manoj stressed that classification labels such as “Restricted”, “Confidential”, or “Secret” do not guarantee protection. True security requires technical safeguards and institutional controls. These include strong encryption, robust access controls, multi-factor authentication, continuous monitoring, audit trails, Zero Trust architecture, and secure lifecycle management. “Classification is not Protection,” he warned.

India has legal and regulatory frameworks for protecting Critical Information Infrastructure across defence, power, space, nuclear energy, civil aviation, and telecommunications. Yet Manoj argued that the country must continually assess the maturity of cyber governance mechanisms within these institutions.

While detailed operational security cannot be made public, aggregated information on governance maturity, assurance mechanisms, audits, and improvement initiatives could be disclosed to strengthen confidence and accountability.

Globally, cybersecurity practices are shifting from compliance-driven approaches to resilience and comprehensive information governance. Leadership commitment, enterprise risk management, secure supply chains, independent audits, and continuous improvement are now as vital as conventional technical controls.

The objective must extend beyond preventing incidents to anticipating threats, withstanding attacks, recovering from disruptions, and learning continuously.

Manoj warned that India’s rapid technological advances could be undermined if cyber governance fails to keep pace. Strengthening protection across defence, power, nuclear energy, telecommunications, and other critical sectors requires sustained attention, resilient supply chains, independent assurance, and stronger leadership commitment. For a nation aspiring to global technology leadership, protecting strategic information must be treated as integral to both technological progress and national security.

UNI

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DMRL Transfers Advanced Naval Steel Technologies To SAIL

The Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), under the Ministry of Defence, has formally transferred three advanced materials technologies to the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL). This transfer represents a significant step in strengthening India’s indigenous capabilities in strategic defence metallurgy.

The technologies include the manufacturing processes for DMR-249A and DMR-249BK grade steel billets. These billets are critical for the construction of naval ships and submarines, ensuring that India’s maritime platforms are built with high-strength, defence-grade materials.

The production of these billets will now be undertaken at SAIL’s Alloy Steel Plant in Durgapur, marking a milestone in the expansion of domestic defence manufacturing.

Additionally, the manufacturing technology for DMR-249B steel plates, ranging from 8 to 30 millimetres in thickness, has been transferred to both the Durgapur Alloy Steel Plant and the Rourkela Steel Plant of SAIL. These plates are essential for specific naval construction requirements, providing durability and resilience in demanding maritime environments.

The transfer of these technologies marks a defining moment in India’s pursuit of self-reliance in defence materials. By enabling SAIL to manufacture specialised billets and plates domestically, the nation reduces its dependence on imports while simultaneously enhancing its strategic autonomy.

This initiative is closely aligned with the Atmanirbhar Bharat program, which emphasises indigenous production and technological sovereignty.

The DMR-249 series steels are known for their exceptional toughness, corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme operational conditions. Their application in submarines and warships ensures that India’s naval assets are equipped with materials capable of meeting the highest standards of performance and safety. The integration of these materials into naval construction projects will significantly bolster India’s maritime strength and long-term defence preparedness.

This collaboration between DRDO and SAIL highlights the synergy between scientific innovation and industrial capability. It reflects India’s growing maturity in defence metallurgy, where cutting-edge research is seamlessly translated into industrial production for strategic applications.

The successful transfer of these technologies is expected to pave the way for further advancements in indigenous materials science, supporting the broader vision of a self-reliant defence ecosystem.

Agencies

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India Sanctions ₹69,725 Crore Package To Transform Shipbuilding And Maritime Infrastructure

India has approved a comprehensive financial package worth ₹69,725 crore to transform the domestic shipbuilding and maritime infrastructure sector, announced PIB.

This package follows the measures announced under the Union Budget 2025–26 and is structured around a four‑pillar strategy aimed at revitalising shipbuilding capacity, maritime financing, and skilling.

The initiative is designed to position India as a competitive global shipbuilding force in line with the Maritime India Vision 2030 and Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047.

The Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Scheme (SBFAS), which extends the earlier Shipbuilding Financial Assistance Policy (SBFAP), has been allocated ₹24,736 crore. This scheme is intended to address the cost disadvantages faced by Indian shipyards compared to global competitors.

Alongside this, a Maritime Development Fund (MDF) with a corpus of ₹25,000 crore has been created to provide long‑term financing support. The MDF comprises a Maritime Investment Fund (MIF) of ₹20,000 crore and an Interest Incentivisation Fund (IIF) of ₹5,000 crore. SBI Ventures Limited was appointed as the Fund Manager for MIF on 26 May 2026.

The Shipbuilding Development Scheme (SbDS) carries an outlay of ₹19,989 crore. Its objective is to expand India’s shipbuilding output capacity to 4.5 million Gross Tonnage annually by establishing greenfield shipbuilding clusters and expanding existing shipyards.

In‑principle approvals have already been granted for three greenfield clusters in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu. SbDS also supports the development of common maritime and land‑based infrastructure. Additionally, the India Ship Technology Centre (ISTC) has been established as a Section 8 company to promote ship design, R&D, skill development, and software capabilities.

Policy reforms have been introduced to strengthen the industry. On 19 September 2025, the government notified infrastructure status for Indian‑flagged commercial vessels of 10,000 GT or above, and for vessels constructed in India of 1,500 GT or above.

Demand aggregation has been implemented through a fleet acquisition plan of over 400 vessels, providing long‑term order visibility to Indian shipyards. Scheme guidelines for SBFAS were issued on 26 December 2025, while those for MDF were released on 20 February 2026.

Skilling initiatives have been prioritised. Eleven shipyards have signed MoUs with 34 ITIs across eight coastal states to implement on‑the‑job training programs. A 150‑hour OJT model has already trained 727 trainees. Training of Trainers programs have been conducted at two ITIs in West Bengal by the Centre of Excellence in Maritime and Shipbuilding.

A preliminary Skill Gap Study has been completed across nine shipyards. Over the past three years, 92,697 candidates have been trained, skilled, or upskilled.

A Plan of Implementation has also been signed between the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways and the Korea International Cooperation Agency for a skill development project in shipbuilding.

India’s shipbuilding output has shown significant growth. According to the latest UNCTAD report, output rose by 41% from 40,923 GT in 2024 to 57,637 GT in 2025. The comprehensive package has instilled confidence in Indian shipyards, leading to several large commercial and export shipbuilding orders.

In the past two years, in‑principle approvals for financial assistance under SBFAP and SBFAS have been granted for contracts worth ₹15,234 crore. Under SbDS, approvals have been given to four shipyards for brownfield capacity augmentation projects valued at over ₹2,500 crore. With a high employment multiplier of 6.4, these developments are expected to generate substantial direct and indirect employment opportunities.

This information was provided by the Union Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Sarbananda Sonowal, in a written reply to the Lok Sabha.

PIB

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India's $87 Billion Exports Exempt Under US Section 301

The United States has imposed an additional 10 per cent duty on Indian goods under Section 301 of the Trade Act, while placing India in the lower tariff bracket.

The Centre described this as a relative advantage for Indian exports and reaffirmed its commitment to concluding the Bilateral Trade Agreement with Washington at the earliest.

The United States Trade Representative announced the final measures on 23 July, following investigations into 60 economies regarding forced labour concerns. The new duty took effect on 24 July, replacing the earlier temporary 10 per cent tariffs that had been in place since February.

India had initially been proposed for a 12.5 per cent tariff but secured the lower rate after sustained engagement with the USTR, including written submissions, consultations and public hearings.

The Commerce Ministry stated that India’s exports to the US, valued at $87.31 billion in 2025–26, will largely remain outside the scope of the additional duty. Exemptions cover generic pharmaceuticals, smartphones and other specified products that continue to attract zero additional tariffs.

Products already subject to Section 232 measures, such as steel, aluminium and auto parts, will not face the new Section 301 duty, though they already carry tariffs of 25 to 50 per cent.

According to estimates, 45 per cent of India’s exports remain exempt, while 55 per cent will be affected by the new levy.

The ministry emphasised that India’s overall tariff incidence remains lower than that of many other economies under investigation. It reiterated that the government is committed to working with the US to conclude the Bilateral Trade Agreement announced earlier this year.

Concerns have been raised by textile exporters, who noted that India has not received the tariff-rate quota exemption under the new regime. This exemption benefits Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia and Malaysia, allowing them to export textiles made from US-origin cotton at concessional rates for three years.

Industry experts warned that this could encourage Bangladeshi manufacturers to source cotton directly from the US, potentially impacting India’s intermediate textile exports. The Confederation of Indian Textile Industry expressed serious concern, highlighting that the US is India’s largest market for textile and apparel exports, valued at around $11 billion annually.

Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal had earlier expressed confidence that India would secure concessional duty access for garments made using American yarn and cotton under the proposed trade agreement, similar to the benefits extended to Bangladesh.

The additional 10 per cent tariff applies over and above existing MFN duties. For example, a shirt currently attracting a 5 per cent duty will now face a total tariff of 15 per cent.

India was placed in the lower bracket after amending its Foreign Trade Policy in July to prohibit imports of goods produced using forced labour. The US acknowledged this step and imposed the reduced duty. However, a separate Section 301 investigation into excess industrial capacity remains pending, with potential for further tariffs on industrial products once findings are announced.

India and the US continue negotiations on the Bilateral Trade Agreement, having already finalised a framework for the first phase. India is seeking competitive tariff advantages over peer economies as talks progress.

Agencies

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Air Chief Marshal AP Singh Flies MiG-29KUB Sortie From INS Vikramaditya To Showcase Jointmanship

Air Chief Marshal AP Singh, Chief of the Air Staff, undertook a MiG-29KUB sortie from INS Vikramaditya on the sidelines of the commissioning of INS Malvan. The Indian Air Force confirmed the development in a post on social media, noting that the flight was part of his visit to the aircraft carrier.

During his time aboard INS Vikramaditya, the Chief of the Air Staff interacted with the ship’s leadership, key functionaries and sailors. His engagement with the crew highlighted the importance of direct communication and operational familiarity between the services.

The MiG-29KUB sortie was a symbolic reaffirmation of enduring jointmanship between the Indian Air Force and the Indian Navy. It underscored the operational synergy that has been steadily cultivated to enhance interoperability across domains.

The exercise demonstrated the collective capability of the two services to safeguard India’s maritime interests. By flying from the Navy’s flagship aircraft carrier, the Air Chief Marshal reinforced the shared responsibility of the armed forces in securing the nation’s strategic frontiers.

The MiG-29KUB, a twin-seat variant of the MiG-29K carrier-borne fighter, is central to the Navy’s air wing operations. Its deployment from INS Vikramaditya represents a critical element of India’s maritime strike and defence posture. The sortie by the Air Chief Marshal symbolised confidence in the platform and its role in joint operations.

INS Vikramaditya, India’s sole operational aircraft carrier, remains a cornerstone of the Navy’s power projection capability. The carrier has been pivotal in enhancing India’s presence in the Indian Ocean Region, supporting exercises and deployments that strengthen maritime security.

The commissioning of INS Malvan, an Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft, provided the backdrop for this demonstration of jointness. The event itself marked another milestone in India’s indigenous shipbuilding program, reflecting the Navy’s steady progress in self-reliance.

The Air Chief Marshal’s sortie added a powerful dimension to the occasion, linking naval modernisation with air force interoperability. It highlighted the growing emphasis on integrated operations, a theme repeatedly stressed by senior military leadership in recent years.

The interaction aboard INS Vikramaditya also reinforced the message that future conflicts will demand seamless cooperation between services. The sortie was not only a symbolic gesture but also a practical demonstration of the armed forces’ readiness to operate jointly in complex maritime environments.

ANI

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India-Japan Defence Technology Partnership Gains Momentum Amid Strategic Push

Japan can fulfil India's long standing requirement of a amphibious aircraft with ShinMaywa US-2

India and Japan have entered a new phase of defence industrial cooperation, with SIDM pushing industry-led collaboration in drones, AI-enabled systems, and secure communications, while the UNICORN naval mast project and Mogami-class frigate proposal signal Tokyo’s greater willingness to share high-end technologies.

The opportunity is substantial, but execution will depend on overcoming cost, intellectual property, and localisation hurdles.

India’s premier defence industry body, the Society of Indian Defence Manufacturers, has invited inputs on collaboration opportunities with Japan following Tokyo’s relaxation of its long-standing restrictions on defence exports.

The areas identified include unmanned systems, counter-UAS technologies, autonomous defence platforms, AI-enabled systems, and software-defined radios. The scope could expand to electronic warfare, secure communications, radar, electro-optics, advanced composites, gallium nitride-based RF systems, mission computers, and defence software.

Japan’s revised “Three Principles on Transfer of Defence Equipment and Technology”, approved in April 2026, marks a significant departure from its post-war caution. For India, the opening is attractive because Japan offers strengths in precision manufacturing, advanced materials, semiconductors, robotics, miniaturisation, and reliability engineering. These are capabilities Indian defence manufacturers need to compete globally.

The current moment is distinct because the conversation is shifting from buyer-seller transactions to co-development, co-production, supply-chain integration, and technology transfer. Analysts such as Dr Satoru Nagao argue that Japan’s shift is driven more by strategic logic than economics, with China being the central factor. He noted that Japan wants countries around China to strengthen their military capabilities, thereby easing Japan’s own security burden.

Recent developments underscore this logic. Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh visited Tokyo in mid-July for talks covering defence industry cooperation, maritime security, cyber, space, and advanced technologies.

His visit coincided with Japan’s renewed push for the Mogami-class stealth frigate proposal under a technology-transfer and local-production arrangement. Earlier in July, Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s visit to New Delhi saw the signing of the first India–Japan defence co-development pact, focused on the UNICORN naval communications mast.

The system, developed by NEC and used on Mogami-class frigates, integrates multiple antennas into a single mast to improve stealth and secure communications. Bharat Electronics Limited will manufacture the system in India, with localisation and integration of Indian sensors.

Nagao emphasised that the UNICORN project is not just technical but strategic, as Japan wants India aligned when facing China. He also highlighted ongoing cooperation between Japan’s ATLA and India’s DRDO on unmanned ground vehicles, which could be relevant for operations along the India–China border. He argued that future cooperation must extend beyond technology sharing to production lines, repair facilities, spare parts, and ammunition support.

Despite the enthusiasm, barriers remain. India’s emphasis on indigenisation under ‘Make in India’ often clashes with Japan’s cautious approach to intellectual property and export controls. Japanese firms, long accustomed to a protected domestic market, remain wary of deep overseas commitments.

Cost competitiveness is another hurdle, as Japanese systems are built for performance and reliability rather than price-sensitive export markets.

Past projects, such as the US-2 amphibious aircraft negotiations, stalled over cost and technology transfer issues.

Nagao acknowledged these difficulties but argued that successful collaboration could create momentum, citing Maruti-Suzuki as an example. He suggested that the UNICORN project could pave the way for cooperation on the Mogami-class frigate, with Japanese support extending to shipbuilding facilities in India. This could allow both Indian and Japanese naval ships to be maintained in India, expanding defence collaboration.

Japan remains one of the world’s leading investors in research and development, ranking third globally. Its technological base in AI, autonomous systems, advanced sensors, semiconductors, and space technologies is highly relevant to future warfare. For India, access to trusted high-end technology from a Quad partner fits well with efforts to reduce dependence on traditional suppliers while strengthening domestic manufacturing.

The partnership is clearly moving beyond exercises and dialogue. The first co-development project has been launched, a major naval proposal is under discussion, and industry has been asked to identify opportunities.

The test will be execution—resolving questions of intellectual property, production responsibility, cost-sharing, and export restrictions. If projects such as UNICORN and the Mogami proposal move from discussion to production, the partnership could become a serious pillar of India’s defence industrial strategy. If not, it risks remaining strategically aligned but industrially under-realised.

Agencies

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ISRO’s Long Launch Gap Since Jan 2026 Raises Concerns

ISRO has not conducted any rocket launches since the PSLV-C62 failure in January 2026, creating a gap of over six months that has unsettled scientists at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and other ISRO units, Deccan Herald reported.

While private firms like Skyroot have successfully launched rockets during this period, ISRO is focusing heavily on the Gaganyaan human spaceflight program, with seven launches planned for the current fiscal year.

The maiden rocket launch by a private sector space technology firm in India has been widely praised. However, many scientists associated with ISRO are reportedly upset over the long gap in rocket launches by the country’s premier organisation.

No rocket launch has taken place after the second consecutive failure of the PSLV in January. This has caused unease among scientists at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Thiruvananthapuram and other key ISRO units.

ISRO officials in Thiruvananthapuram have remained tight-lipped on the matter. Former VSSC director M C Dathan described the gap of more than six months as unfortunate, noting that ISRO used to carry out launches frequently. He stressed that while private sector involvement is welcome, the government must ensure ISRO does not lose its prominence as one of the world’s leading space research institutions.

ISRO chairman V Narayanan recently announced that the next launch would take place within two months, with at least seven launches planned for this fiscal year. This aligns with ISRO’s historical average of five to seven launches annually, though 2026 has so far seen only one failed attempt.

A VSSC official explained that ISRO scientists are currently occupied with preparations for the Gaganyaan mission, which could explain the absence of other launches. He declined to comment on whether resentment exists among scientists over the delay.

Those associated with ISRO emphasise that the agency’s contributions remain vital to the development of the private sector in space technology. ISRO’s website records seven launches in 2023, five in 2024, and five in 2025, highlighting the current slowdown.

Following the PSLV failures, National Security Advisor Ajit Doval visited VSSC as part of a fact-finding mission. The failures involved anomalies in the third stage of the PSLV, leading to the loss of payloads and triggering extensive safety audits.

The central government has recently imposed restrictions on ISRO scientists seeking voluntary retirement or resignations, as such requests have reportedly increased. This comes amid lucrative offers from private firms, which are attracting experienced ISRO scientists.

The Gaganyaan mission, India’s first human spaceflight program, remains on track but faces evolving timelines due to safety assessments. Engineers are striving for an uncrewed launch by the end of 2026, though the schedule could extend into 2027. More than 8,000 ground tests have already been conducted, underscoring the scale of preparations.

The situation reflects a broader tension between ISRO’s traditional role as India’s space leader and the rising prominence of private firms.

While private launches are celebrated, scientists caution that ISRO’s continuity and prominence must be safeguarded to maintain India’s global standing in space exploration.

Agencies

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Iran-Oman Diplomatic Talks Advance On Strait of Hormuz Reopening

Progress has reportedly been made in talks between Iran and Oman regarding the reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and their respective territorial waterways. Two regional sources told CBS News that the discussions are moving in a positive direction, though more time will be needed before a deal can be finalised.

Omani officials travelled to Tehran on Friday to engage in direct talks. This diplomatic outreach coincided with President Donald Trump’s decision to pause US bombings on Iran, which had been carried out by CENTCOM for thirteen consecutive nights.

According to the report, the pause was intentional, designed to avoid disrupting the delicate in‑person diplomacy. The White House and CENTCOM did not respond to requests for comment, but Washington is said to be closely monitoring the progress of the Omani‑Iranian dialogue.

President Trump, speaking at the White House Correspondents’ dinner on Friday, reiterated his belief that Iran would eventually “love to make a deal.” He added, however, that he did not think the time was right yet, though he remained willing to listen. His remarks underscored the cautious optimism surrounding the negotiations.

Meanwhile, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi accused the United States of deliberately violating the Iran‑US memorandum of understanding by creating an unauthorised alternative shipping route in the Strait of Hormuz.

He claimed Washington had redirected commercial vessels away from corridors designated by Tehran. In an interview with the Iran daily, reported by Press TV, Araghchi stressed that Article 5 of the memorandum was clear and that the US actions could not be dismissed as a mere misunderstanding.

Earlier in the day, CENTCOM confirmed that the American naval blockade against Iran remains fully in place. It stated that two ships which failed to comply with orders were disabled, while two others were boarded to ensure complete compliance.

CENTCOM also revealed in a post on X that coalition forces had redirected twelve commercial vessels attempting to breach the perimeter. This was described as part of an ongoing effort to restrict unauthorised maritime transport bound for Iranian ports.

The talks between Iran and Oman therefore represent a fragile but potentially significant opening in the crisis. The pause in US military action has created a narrow diplomatic window, though tensions remain high with accusations of violations and continued enforcement of the blockade.

The outcome of these negotiations could determine whether the Strait of Hormuz, a vital artery for global energy supplies, can be reopened under a mutually agreed framework.

ANI

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Defence Minister Declares Army Fully Prepared As Infiltrators’ Intent Remains Unchanged Since 1999 Conflict

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, speaking in Dras on the eve of the 27th anniversary of Kargil Vijay Diwas, declared that the intent of infiltrators remains unchanged since the 1999 conflict, while assuring that the Indian Army is fully prepared to meet any challenge.

He emphasised modernisation, Atmanirbharta, and the enduring strength of Indian soldiers as the foundation of national security.

Rajnath Singh arrived in Dras on Saturday evening to attend Shaurya Sandhya at the Kargil War Memorial, part of a two-day program commemorating Kargil Vijay Diwas. The day marks the culmination of Operation Vijay on 26 July 1999, when the Indian Army recaptured territories in Kargil district seized by Pakistani troops.

Addressing Army personnel at a Shaurya Bhoj, Singh said challenges remain constant, with infiltrators continuing to rely on proxy war and infiltration. He made a veiled reference to Pakistan, stressing that the Army is fully prepared for such threats.

He underlined that this century belongs to India, expressing confidence that with the government’s emphasis on Atmanirbharta, the Indian armed forces will become the best in the world. He saluted the valour of soldiers, noting that the freedom enjoyed today is owed to their sacrifices in Kargil, where they fought in extreme conditions of plummeting mercury and dipping oxygen levels without lowering their guard.

Singh said the pride he felt in Dras could not be expressed in words. He asserted that as long as Indian soldiers retain their invisible inner strength and nationalistic sentiment, no force in the world would dare cast an evil eye on India.

He reflected on his experiences with Army traditions, highlighting Bada Khana as particularly moving. He explained that it is the only occasion when jawans and officers sit together to share the same meal, symbolising teamwork and unity.

He praised the Army’s ability to rise above societal limitations, describing this strength as the true reason behind victories such as the Kargil War.

Additional commemorative events included Shaurya Sandhya at the memorial, where tributes were paid to fallen soldiers. Singh’s remarks also followed his wider tour of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh, where he met officials to review the security situation in the wake of recent attacks.

His speeches consistently reinforced the message that India’s military remains vigilant, modernising rapidly, and capable of protecting sovereignty against adversaries.

The Defence Minister’s words echoed the sacrifices of 1999, when soldiers fought at altitudes nearing 20,000 feet under extreme conditions to reclaim Indian territory. He reminded the nation that their courage ensures every citizen can live freely and confidently.

PTI

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Pakistan’s National Strategic Command Places Nuclear Control Under Asim Munir

Pakistan has formally shifted operational control of its nuclear arsenal to the newly created National Strategic Command (NSC), consolidating authority under Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, News18 reported.

This marks the country’s most sweeping military reorganisation in decades, side-lining civilian oversight and mirroring China’s PLA Rocket Force model.

Pakistan has initiated a structural overhaul of its defence framework through legislative amendments that established the National Strategic Command. The NSC now assumes operational oversight of strategic assets and the nuclear arsenal, centralising authority under a unified military hierarchy.

This effectively bypasses the traditional civilian-led National Command Authority, reducing prime ministerial oversight to an informational role rather than operational control.

The reorganisation is spearheaded by Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir, who holds dual roles as Chief of Defence Forces and Chief of the Army Staff. Under this new framework, Lieutenant General Syed Aamer Raza, formerly Chief of the General Staff, has been elevated to four-star General and appointed as the inaugural Commander of the National Strategic Command. His appointment followed the abolition of the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee under the 27th Amendment, consolidating power further under Munir’s leadership.

The operational blueprint of the NSC closely mirrors the force structure of China’s People’s Liberation Army, particularly the PLA Rocket Force. Supported by the Strategic Plans Division, the NSC consolidates management of nuclear stockpiles, delivery systems, and missile development under a single centralised command.

This restructuring aims to establish a joint operational command spanning the Army, Navy, Air Force, Rocket Force, and Strategic Command, enhancing deterrence along Pakistan’s eastern border while deepening defence-industrial and technological integration with Beijing.

The internal impact of this consolidation has been significant. Promotion boards across senior officer cadres have remained frozen for over fifteen months amid systemic restructuring. Routine Formation Commanders’ Conferences have been suspended since 2024, reflecting the centralisation of decision-making within the senior leadership. Operational control has been streamlined under the Office of the Chief of Defence Forces, diminishing the traditional autonomy of senior regional Corps Commanders.

Lieutenant General Raza’s elevation surprised many observers, as several senior generals were overlooked. His loyalty to Munir during turbulent times appears to have been decisive. Raza, an armoured corps officer from the historic 6 Lancers regiment, has commanded formations such as the 37 Infantry Division and held senior roles in weapons and equipment management. His appointment strengthens Munir’s influence over Pakistan’s evolving nuclear command architecture.

The constitutional amendments underpinning this overhaul have insulated appointments to the NSC from judicial review, ensuring that decisions made by the Chief of Defence Forces cannot be challenged in court. This legal framework has entrenched Munir’s authority, making him Pakistan’s most powerful military leader in decades, with direct control over nuclear assets and strategic forces.

The restructuring represents a decisive shift in Pakistan’s civil-military balance, with nuclear command now firmly under military control. It signals a long-term strategic alignment with China’s military doctrines and operational models, while raising concerns about the erosion of civilian oversight in one of the world’s most sensitive security domains.

Agencies

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Ships Continue Red Sea Transit Despite Houthi Blockade And Attacks

Dozens of vessels continue to navigate the Bab el-Mandeb Strait despite persistent threats from Iran-backed Houthi rebels. The New York Times analysis of shipping data shows that operators remain determined to maintain transit through this narrow chokepoint, even as the risks mount.

The report highlights that growing uncertainty over the conflict and maritime safety is forcing several ships to alter course and execute U-turns before completing their journeys. This reflects the precarious balance between commercial necessity and security concerns.

In the past week, Houthi rebels in de facto control of Yemen targeted at least three oil tankers. The latest strike occurred on Friday, underscoring the rebels’ capacity to disrupt shipping lanes.

Any sustained disruption in the Red Sea threatens to deal a fresh blow to global commerce. The Middle East conflict has already strained supply chains, and further instability could magnify the economic impact.

The war between the United States and Iran, now in its fifth month, has severely curtailed transit through the Strait of Hormuz. This corridor previously carried about one-fifth of global oil supplies, making its partial closure a significant shock to energy markets.

Saudi Arabia has responded by rerouting millions of barrels of crude oil daily via an overland pipeline connecting the Persian Gulf to the Red Sea. Much of this crude subsequently exits through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, which lies adjacent to Houthi-controlled territory.

That alternative supply line now faces heightened risk after the Houthis announced plans earlier this week to target shipping linked to Saudi Arabia. This declaration has raised alarm among operators and insurers.

Initial indicators reflected immediate disruption, with nearly a dozen vessels either turning back or avoiding the strait altogether. Tracking data from maritime firm Kpler confirmed these diversions.

Nevertheless, maritime activity has not slowed uniformly. Kpler recorded 43 vessels crossing the Bab el-Mandeb on Thursday, up from 35 the previous day, even after the Houthis claimed responsibility for attacks on Saudi oil tankers.

A Saudi-linked vessel was also targeted in the Red Sea on Friday. Officials confirmed minor damage but reported zero casualties, allowing the ship to continue its transit.

The Red Sea has long been a geopolitical flashpoint. In 2024, the Houthis repeatedly attacked vessels linked to Israel, framing their operations as retaliation for the Gaza conflict.

As risks escalate, several shipping operators are considering northern transit options via the Suez Canal. However, this route is longer and more expensive. The canal cannot accommodate fully laden supertankers, forcing logistical transfers to smaller vessels or pipelines. This reduces overall market capacity and raises operational costs.

With disruptions across both the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz, analysts estimate that about a quarter of global oil supply is currently exposed to risk. This level of vulnerability is unprecedented in recent years.

The escalating uncertainty has driven benchmark crude prices upward. Brent crude is nearing USD 100 per barrel this week, its highest level in roughly two months. Rising prices reflect both physical supply risks and market anxiety.

The situation underscores the fragility of global energy flows. Operators are caught between the need to maintain commerce and the dangers posed by asymmetric warfare in maritime chokepoints.

ANI

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US Forces Redirect 12 Vessels, Disable Two Amid Intensified Blockade Against Iran

US Central Command has confirmed that the American naval blockade against Iran remains in full effect, with coalition forces intensifying maritime interdictions across the Gulf of Oman, the Arabian Sea, and the Strait of Hormuz.

CENTCOM revealed that twelve commercial vessels attempting to breach the blockade perimeter have been redirected. Two ships that failed to comply with repeated orders were disabled, while two others were boarded to ensure total compliance.

A verification inspection was carried out aboard the Comoros‑flagged M/T Charminar in the Arabian Sea. Following the boarding, the tanker was permitted to continue its journey.

In contrast, CENTCOM reported that the Mozambique‑flagged M/T Lavine was disabled in the Gulf of Oman on 24 July after its crew repeatedly attempted to violate the blockade and ignored multiple warnings. The vessel is no longer transiting to Iran.

The command stressed that maritime interdictions will continue indefinitely, underscoring that American forces remain vigilant, focused, lethal, and ready.

The latest interdictions highlight the ongoing enforcement across critical maritime corridors. Earlier in the day, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps naval forces targeted four commercial ships in the southern Strait of Hormuz within a 24‑hour period. The vessels were accused of navigating an illegal and unsafe route, though Iranian authorities did not disclose their names or nationalities. No casualties or damage were reported.

This follows a separate incident involving the Mozambique‑flagged LPG tanker DISHA, which carried twenty‑eight Indian crew members.

The vessel was attacked within Iranian territorial waters on Friday. The Indian Embassy in Tehran confirmed that all personnel aboard remained unharmed and stated that it was monitoring the situation closely with local authorities.

Meanwhile, dozens of vessels continued to transit the Bab el‑Mandeb Strait despite persistent threats from Iran‑backed Houthi rebels.

Analysis of shipping data indicated that growing uncertainty is forcing several ships to alter course or execute U‑turns before completing their journeys.

In the past week alone, Houthi rebels targeted at least three oil tankers, with the latest strike occurring on Friday. Sustained disruption in the Red Sea threatens to further destabilise global commerce, already strained by the expanding Middle East conflict.

The war between the United States and Iran, now in its fifth month, has severely curtailed transit through the Strait of Hormuz. This strategic corridor previously carried nearly one‑fifth of global oil supplies, and its disruption continues to reverberate across international energy markets.

ANI

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