India Tempers Response To Russia's Bold Su-57 Stealth Jets, Drone, And Submarine Offers

India has delivered a measured and restrained response to Russia's ambitious proposals for enhanced defence collaboration, particularly concerning advanced platforms such as the Su-57 fifth-generation stealth fighter, long-range drones, and submarines, according to a report on The Hindu web portal.

Officials familiar with the developments indicate that Moscow's repeated overtures in the lead-up to President Vladimir Putin's recent visit to India failed to elicit significant enthusiasm from New Delhi.

A senior Indian official revealed that Russia actively promoted equipment including the Geran series of kamikaze drones, submarines, and aircraft during preparatory discussions. Despite these efforts, India displayed limited interest, prioritising the cultivation of indigenous defence products over fresh imports.

High expectations surrounded the potential for major defence announcements on the sidelines of Putin's visit, yet no such breakthroughs materialised. While 19 agreements were signed to bolster bilateral trade, key collaborations involving the Su-57 or Russia's S-500 air defence system remained absent from the outcomes.

This tepid reception aligns with India's resolute drive towards self-reliance in defence manufacturing, often termed 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' in strategic circles. The nation has shifted from heavy reliance on foreign arms to bolstering domestic capabilities, marking a profound transformation in its defence posture.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh exemplified this paradigm shift during his address on Sunday, 7 December 2025, in Leh. While dedicating 125 newly completed projects by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), he emphasised India's evolving self-sufficiency.

Singh noted that domestic defence production has soared to a record ₹1.51 lakh crore, a staggering increase from ₹46,000 crore in 2014. This growth underscores a decade-long surge in manufacturing prowess.

Moreover, India's defence exports have skyrocketed from under ₹1,000 crore to nearly ₹24,000 crore over the same period. These figures reflect not merely quantitative expansion but a qualitative leap in technological independence.

The Geran drones, Russia's adapted version of Iran's Shahed-136 kamikaze drones, have proven pivotal in Moscow's Ukraine operations. Employed in low-cost, high-volume attrition tactics through mass salvo attacks, they represent an economical warfare tool.

Nevertheless, Indian manufacturers and military services have shown scant interest in procuring these drones. This reluctance stems from a strategic preference for home-grown alternatives amid ongoing conflicts and global supply chain uncertainties.

The backdrop to these exchanges includes the 23rd Working Group Meeting of the India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission on Military Technical Cooperation, held in Moscow on 29 October 2025. Co-chaired by Sanjeev Kumar, Secretary (Defence Production), and Andrey A. Boytsov, First Deputy Director of Russia's Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation (FSMTC), the session covered tri-service cooperation and defence research and development.

The meeting culminated in a signed Protocol delineating new avenues for collaboration and mutual advancement. However, high-value defence deals continue to elude both sides, highlighting persistent gaps in alignment.

Russia's persistence in pitching the Su-57 underscores its desire to deepen ties with India, a long-standing partner in military aviation. The stealth fighter, envisioned as a cornerstone of Moscow's air superiority doctrine, has faced production delays and export hesitations.

India's AMCA (Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft) program, aimed at indigenous fifth-generation fighters, likely tempers enthusiasm for the Su-57. Collaborative overtures on the S-500, Russia's premier long-range air defence system, similarly met with caution, as New Delhi advances its own Project Kusha.

Long-range drones and submarines represent another thrust from Russia, leveraging its expertise in unmanned systems and underwater warfare. Yet, India's burgeoning drone ecosystem—bolstered by private firms and DRDO initiatives—reduces the appeal of foreign acquisitions.

Submarine offers tap into the ongoing Kalvari-class (Scorpene) collaboration, but India's focus on nuclear-powered submarines under Project 75I and indigenous designs prioritises technology transfer over outright purchases.

This dynamic occurs against a complex geopolitical canvas. India's multi-alignment strategy balances Russian partnerships with deepening ties to the West, including US collaborations on MQ-9B drones and F-414 engines for TEJAS MK-2.

The Ukraine conflict has further complicated matters, prompting India to diversify suppliers while maintaining strategic autonomy. Russia's battlefield innovations, like Geran drones, offer tactical insights but do not override self-reliance imperatives.

Economically, surging domestic production alleviates foreign exchange pressures and fosters a robust defence industrial base. Public sector undertakings like Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), alongside private players such as Tata Advanced Systems, drive this momentum.

Defence corridors in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu exemplify infrastructure investments yielding tangible results. Innovations in missiles, radars, and avionics further cement India's credentials as an emerging defence exporter.

Russia, facing Western sanctions, views India as a vital market for sustaining its military-industrial complex. Joint ventures like the BrahMos missile and AK-203 rifles demonstrate enduring synergy, yet big-ticket platforms demand mutual concessions.

Future India-Russia defence engagements will likely emphasise co-development and technology transfer over off-the-shelf deals. The Protocol from the October meeting signals incremental progress in areas like electronics and propulsion.

India's lukewarm stance on Russian pitches reaffirms a maturing strategic calculus. By prioritising 'Make in India', New Delhi not only enhances national security but positions itself as a global defence hub.

As bilateral trade agreements flourish, defence cooperation evolves cautiously. Both nations stand to gain from aligned R&D efforts, potentially unlocking next-generation technologies amid shifting global power dynamics.

This episode illustrates India's confident navigation of great-power overtures, blending pragmatism with ambition in pursuit of true strategic independence.

Based On The Hindu Report

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Committee On Public Undertakings Urges Mod To Establish Agreements With Global Certification Agencies To Boost HAL Aircraft Exports

The Committee on Public Undertakings has highlighted significant delays by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in obtaining international certifications for its helicopters, resulting in costs exceeding ₹108 crore and lost export opportunities.

These setbacks have not only strained HAL's finances but also eroded its standing in the global aviation market. A recent report, tabled in Parliament on 12 December, calls for urgent action from the Ministry of Defence (MoD).

In one notable case, HAL's efforts to gain certification from the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) for a specific helicopter dragged on for over a decade. The company had initially assumed its robust military certification record would expedite the process. However, insufficient early engagement with civil aviation regulators led to extensive testing and documentation hurdles.

This prolonged timeline prevented timely exports, amplifying financial losses and damaging HAL's international credibility. The Committee stressed that HAL must embed international certification standards right from the design phase, given the rigorous demands of civil aviation regulations.

To address this, the panel urged the MoD, working with the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA), to forge bilateral agreements with major certification bodies like EASA. Such pacts would streamline approvals for future aircraft and helicopter programmes. The report demands specific steps, timelines, and accountability measures to ensure progress.

HAL, in its response, noted that most projects serve Indian defence needs, with civil-market potential products prioritised for DGCA and international certification. The firm's research and development manual already incorporates both military and civil requirements. It plans to integrate global standards at the design stage as needed.

An Airworthiness Group at HAL coordinates with the DGCA and EASA. The MoD has committed to exploring stronger bilateral ties via MoCA and DGCA to accelerate future certifications.

The Committee's scrutiny extended to HAL's Gas Turbine Engine project, plagued by multiple delays. Procurement bottlenecks for critical components, slow approvals for test-bed construction, and bureaucratic hold-ups in land clearances hampered progress.

HAL also faced challenges from failing to foresee needs for 3D technology and advanced materials, necessitating repeated redesigns. A key shortfall was the absence of indigenous expertise in medium-thrust-class engines, compelling reliance on foreign consultants.

Acknowledging the project's complexity and iterative nature, HAL is pursuing long-term partnerships with global aerospace firms to bridge technology gaps. The Committee, however, pressed the MoD for a swift gap analysis, complete with timelines, funding, and a firm action plan.

These recommendations underscore broader imperatives for HAL to enhance export viability and self-reliance. Proactive international collaboration could unlock new markets, bolstering India's defence manufacturing ecosystem amid rising global demand for certified platforms.

Based On The Tribune Report

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National Supercomputing Mission: Achieving Self-Reliance With 40 Petaflops of Indigenous Power

The National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) represents a pivotal stride towards India's self-reliance in supercomputing, aligning with the vision of the Hon’ble Prime Minister. It was launched in April 2015 with an outlay of ₹4,500 crore.

To date, 37 supercomputers boasting a collective computing power of 40 Petaflops have been deployed under the NSM. Remarkably, 34 of these installations have materialised in the past five years alone, underscoring accelerated progress. A state-wise and year-wise inventory of these deployments is detailed in Annexure-I, with six additional systems currently in deployment at a cost of ₹680 crore.

These advanced facilities are strategically positioned in premier institutions including IISc, IITs, C-DAC, and various R&D laboratories. They extend access even to Tier-II and Tier-III cities, democratising high-performance computing (HPC) resources across the nation. This widespread deployment ensures that researchers, academia, and start-ups can harness state-of-the-art capabilities without geographical constraints.

At the heart of recent advancements lies the “PARAM Rudra” series of supercomputers, crafted from indigenously designed and manufactured “Rudra” servers. These systems incorporate a fully home-grown system software stack, epitomising technological sovereignty. Tailored for young researchers, scientists, and engineers, they facilitate cutting-edge studies in fields such as physics, earth sciences, and cosmology.

Utilisation metrics for PARAM Rudra systems are impressive, with most operating at over 81% capacity and some surpassing 95%. Over 13,000 researchers, including more than 1,700 PhD scholars from over 260 institutions, have benefited from these platforms. This engagement has yielded more than one crore compute jobs and spurred the publication of over 1,500 research papers in esteemed journals.

Start-ups and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are also leveraging these supercomputers to propel HPC-driven initiatives. The platforms drive transformative research across diverse domains, including drug discovery, disaster management, energy security, and climate modelling. Applications extend to astronomy, computational chemistry, fluid dynamics, materials science, and notably aerospace engineering, fostering innovation in critical sectors.

The NSM has meticulously cultivated a comprehensive ecosystem for self-reliance, encompassing the design, development, and production of vital supercomputing components. Central to this is the Rudra Server Board, a cornerstone component indigenously engineered by C-DAC. Technology transfer has empowered three Indian Electronics Manufacturing Services (EMS) partners, enabling domestic production of these servers.

Enhancing interconnectivity, high-speed networks operating at 40 Gbps and 100 Gbps have been developed and rigorously tested. These facilitate seamless data transfer and communication among computing nodes, bolstering overall supercomputing prowess. Indigenous cooling technologies have likewise been innovated, demonstrated, and are now progressing towards full deployment.

A complete HPC system software stack, developed in-house, has been seamlessly integrated into these supercomputers. Complementing this, PARAM Shavak—a compact “supercomputing-in-a-box” solution—has been designed and manufactured domestically. It addresses HPC and AI computing demands for students and researchers in engineering colleges and universities.

The mission extends to bespoke HPC applications of national significance, deployed in areas like genomics and drug discovery via the NSM Platform. Other key implementations include flood forecasting and disaster management, urban environment and weather modelling, seismic data processing for oil and gas, and materials science.

To fortify indigenous capabilities further, initiatives are underway for designing and developing HPC processors, accelerators, and storage solutions. This forward momentum positions India as a formidable player in global supercomputing, empowering academia, industry, and strategic sectors alike.

Posted by PIB Delhi

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India's Future Combat Power Would Be Driven By JAI: Gen Chauhan

India's future combat power will be propelled by the triad of Jointness, Atmanirbharta, and Innovation—collectively termed JAI—according to Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan.

Speaking at the Combined Graduation Parade of the Air Force Academy in Dundigal near Hyderabad on Saturday, General Chauhan addressed the newly commissioned officers, emphasising that these pillars will define the nation's military prowess.

Reviewing the parade for the 216 Course, the CDS underscored the need for constant vigilance. He noted that while the intensity of operations may have diminished, Operation Sindoor persists unabated. India's strength, he asserted, lies in maintaining alertness every hour and every day.

General Chauhan refrained from naming specific nations but highlighted troubling trends nearby. Developments signalling institutional fragility and mere reactive adjustments are commonplace, he observed. In stark contrast, India's armed forces stand on robust institutions, democratic stability, and unyielding professionalism.

Wars, he stressed, cannot be triumphed through mere rhetoric but demand purposeful action. The newly minted officers are stepping into the Indian Air Force amid profound transformation across the military. Integrated structures, joint operations, and a national drive towards Atmanirbharta in defence are reshaping the landscape.

The CDS elaborated on JAI as the guiding ethos, drawing from the first syllable of 'Jai Hind'. Jointness embodies unified combat as one nation and one force. Atmanirbharta signifies reliable platforms and systems crafted not only for India but for global markets.

Innovation, in his view, demands boldness to anticipate and lead the curve. These three elements will forge India's future combat power, he declared. The officers join at a juncture where a 'new normal' prevails: round-the-clock operational readiness, 365 days a year.

General Chauhan portrayed warfare as teetering on the brink of revolution. The defence forces remain committed to adaptation, embracing reforms to stay relevant and prepared. Traditional battles will endure as fierce contests, yet emerging domains will turn swift, cerebral, and innovation-led.

Mastery of these new frontiers will prove decisive in conflicts ahead, he warned. This rings especially true for air warfare, where technology serves as more than an enabler—it is the arbiter. A lone breakthrough or disruptive system could decisively shift operational balance.

To this end, relentless pursuit of novel concepts and capabilities continues. Emerging arenas include AI-driven data fusion, autonomous and unmanned systems, and cognitive domain operations. The CDS reviewed the parade marking the culmination of pre-commissioning training for flying and ground duty branches.

He personally conferred the President's Commission upon the graduating flight cadets of the 216 Course. In total, 244 cadets received their wings: 215 men and 29 women. Six Indian Navy officers, eight from the Indian Coast Guard, and two from Vietnam's Socialist Republic also earned flying qualifications.

Five officers were awarded brevets upon completing navigation training. The event featured a synchronised flypast by Pilatus PC-7, Hawk, Kiran, and Chetak aircraft. Thrilling displays by the Akash Ganga parachute team and the Air Warrior Drill Team captivated onlookers.

The parade reached its emotional peak as the newly commissioned officers slow-marched in formation. Overhead, Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal AP Singh piloted a three-aircraft Kiran formation, leading the ceremonial finale. This poignant moment symbolised the seamless blend of leadership and legacy in India's evolving air power.

Based On PTI Report

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MEA Secretary Ghosh's Talks With China 'Timely And Productive': Chinese Embassy

On 13 December 2025, the Chinese Embassy in India described recent talks between Joint Secretary (East Asia) Sujit Ghosh from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and Liu Jinsong, Director-General of the Department of Asian Affairs in China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as "timely and productive."

These consultations took place in Beijing during Ghosh's visit from 11 to 12 December 2025. Both sides welcomed the positive momentum in India-China bilateral relations.

Embassy spokesperson Yu Jing highlighted this in a post on X. She noted that the discussions reaffirmed commitments to implement key consensus from the Tianjin meeting between President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The talks focused on advancing bilateral exchanges and restoring institutional dialogues. Participants agreed to manage differences appropriately while strengthening coordination on multilateral and regional affairs.

They also pledged to uphold multilateralism and safeguard the interests of the Global South. Yu Jing emphasised that the atmosphere was positive, yielding meaningful consensus.

From the Indian perspective, the MEA described the discussions as constructive and forward-looking. Ghosh called on Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong and held detailed talks with Liu Jinsong on 12 December.

Both delegations underscored the strategic guidance provided by their respective leaders. They made an upbeat assessment of progress in stabilising and rebuilding ties, with a priority on people-centric engagements.

The sides reviewed planned exchanges and activities for the coming year. The Indian delegation stressed the urgency of resolving outstanding issues related to export controls.

Regional and global developments of mutual interest were also discussed briefly. This included broader geopolitical contexts affecting both nations.

In addition to foreign ministry talks, Ghosh met the Director-General (Asian Affairs) of China's Ministry of Commerce. Their conversation centred on bilateral trade and commercial matters.

These interactions signal a deliberate effort to build on recent diplomatic gains. The Tianjin meeting had set the stage for renewed engagement after periods of strain.

India and China have navigated complex relations, particularly along their shared border. Recent stabilising measures reflect a mutual interest in predictability.

The emphasis on institutional dialogues suggests plans to revive paused mechanisms. This could encompass border talks, trade forums, and strategic consultations.

People-centric initiatives might involve cultural exchanges, student programs, or direct flights. These build goodwill amid official interactions. Export control issues likely pertain to high-tech transfers and dual-use technologies. India's push for resolution aims to facilitate defence and civilian collaborations.

Trade discussions are timely amid growing bilateral commerce, which exceeds $100 billion annually. Yet, imbalances and non-tariff barriers persist. Multilateral coordination could target forums like the UN, G20, or SCO. Both nations share stakes in Global South advocacy against unilateralism.

Beijing's positive characterisation underscores China's interest in steady ties. It aligns with Xi's vision for a multipolar world with stable neighbourhood relations.

New Delhi views these steps as pragmatic diplomacy. They complement India's multi-alignment strategy without compromising core interests.

Ghosh's visit, at joint secretary level, indicates mid-level momentum. Higher engagements may follow if consensus holds.

The consultations mark incremental progress. They offer a platform to address frictions while exploring cooperative avenues. Sustained implementation will test the "positive momentum." Outcomes could influence border patrolling, economic pacts, and regional security dynamics.

As 2025 draws to a close, these talks provide optimism for 2026. Both sides appear invested in dialogue over confrontation.

Based On ANI Report

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Assets Worth ₹92 Crores Seized In Anti-Naxal Action, Severe Damage Inflicted To 'Urban Naxals': Government

The Indian government has achieved a major milestone in its campaign against Naxalism by seizing assets worth ₹92 crore in a coordinated multi-agency operation. This action has severely disrupted the financial networks sustaining Naxal insurgents and their urban sympathisers, often termed "urban Naxals".

The move delivers not only economic blows but also profound moral and psychological damage, particularly by curbing their information warfare capabilities.

A dedicated vertical within the National Investigation Agency (NIA) led the charge, confiscating ₹40 crore in assets. State authorities matched this with another ₹40 crore in seizures, while the Enforcement Directorate attached properties valued at ₹12 crore. These simultaneous strikes underscore a unified strategy aimed at strangling the insurgents' lifelines ahead of the March 2026 deadline for a Naxal-free India.

The government's progress is evident in the dramatic contraction of Naxal influence. In 2025, only three districts qualify as "most-affected" by Left-wing extremism, down from 36 in 2014. This reflects a broader decline, with Naxal-affected districts shrinking from 126 to just 11 nationwide.

Security forces have notched up impressive operational successes this year. As of now, 317 Naxals have been neutralised, 862 arrested, and 1,973 have surrendered. Among the 28 top leaders eliminated since 2024, five were taken out in 2025, including a Central Committee Member.

Key operations highlight this momentum. Operation Black Forest resulted in 27 hardcore Naxals killed. On 23 May 2025, 24 surrendered in Bijapur, and in October, 258 laid down arms across Chhattisgarh (197) and Maharashtra (61), including 10 senior cadres.

Infrastructure bolstering security has been pivotal. Fortified police stations have surged from 66 before 2014 to 586 constructed over the past decade. Incidents at police stations have plummeted from 330 across 76 districts in 2013 to 52 in 22 districts by June 2025.

Operational reach has expanded markedly with 361 new security camps established in the last six years and 68 night-landing helipads built. These enhancements enable rapid response in remote terrains long dominated by Maoists.

Parallel to security gains, infrastructure development has transformed Naxal heartlands. Between May 2014 and August 2025, 12,000 km of roads were constructed in affected areas. Projects spanning 17,589 km, costing ₹20,815 crore, have been approved to ensure all-weather connectivity.

Mobile connectivity has seen a revolution too. The first phase installed 2,343 2G towers at ₹4,080 crore, followed by 2,542 towers in the second phase (₹2,210 crore), with 1,154 operational. Under Aspirational Districts and 4G Saturation schemes, 8,527 4G towers were approved, of which 2,596 and 2,761 are now functional.

Financial inclusion efforts have penetrated deep into these zones. Authorities set up 1,804 bank branches, 1,321 ATMs, and deployed 37,850 banking correspondents. Additionally, 5,899 post offices now serve 90 districts, spaced every 5 km, delivering banking, postal, and remittance services to once-isolated communities.

These measures have slashed Naxal violence by over 70 per cent in the last 11 years. Civilian and security force casualties have nosedived, top Maoist leadership has been systematically dismantled, and thousands of cadres have opted for rehabilitation over insurgency.

Pockets of resistance linger, demanding continued vigilance until 31 March 2026. Yet the trajectory is clear: the ideological and territorial core of Naxalism stands broken, clearing the path for enduring peace and prosperity in long-neglected regions.

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Ten Naxalites Surrender In Chhattisgarh's Sukma District

In Chhattisgarh's Sukma district, ten Naxalites, including six women, surrendered to authorities on Friday, marking a significant blow to the Maoist insurgency in the region. Collectively, these cadres carried a reward of ₹33 lakh on their heads, as announced by Superintendent of Police Kiran Chavan. 

The surrenders took place under the police's 'Poona Margem (From Rehabilitation to Social Reintegration)' initiative, attended by senior police officers, Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel, and district officials.

The group handed over an impressive haul of weapons, including an AK-47 rifle, two Self-Loading Rifles (SLRs), a Sten gun, and a Barrel Grenade Launcher (BGL). These arms alone carried a seizure reward of ₹8 lakh, underscoring their strategic value to the Maoists. Among the prominent surrenders was Midiam Bhima, aged 30, who served as a company platoon commander and bore a ₹8 lakh bounty.

Other key figures included Ganga Kunjam (22), Lekam Rama, Tati Soni (32), and Shanti Sodhi (21), each with a ₹5 lakh reward. The remaining cadres—Madvi Navin (20), Madvi Rukni (24), Oyam Mangli (22), Podiyam Mangi (20), and Madvi Gangi (19)—each carried a ₹1 lakh bounty. Their decision to lay down arms reflects growing disillusionment within Maoist ranks amid sustained security operations.

This event brings the total number of Maoists who have quit violence in Sukma district this year to 263, a testament to the effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts. SP Chavan highlighted that recent surrenders indicate a steady momentum in building trust, fostering peace, and driving development in the once-volatile area. The district, deep in the Bastar region's dense forests, has long been a Maoist stronghold.

Inspector General of Police (Bastar Range) Sundarraj Pattilingam provided broader context, noting that at least 1,514 Maoists have surrendered across the Bastar region in the last 11 months. He asserted that high-profile leaders, including Politburo member Devji, Dandakaranya Special Zonal Committee member Pappa Rao, and Deva (also known as Barse Deva), now face mounting pressure with few viable options beyond renouncing violence.

Statewide data reveals even greater success: around 2,400 Naxalites have surrendered in Chhattisgarh over the past two years, according to police records. This surge aligns with a multi-pronged strategy combining intensified counter-insurgency operations, development initiatives, and rehabilitation programmes.

The 'Poona Margem' scheme, in particular, emphasises social reintegration, offering surrendered cadres vocational training, financial aid, and community support to prevent relapse.

The surrenders come amid a broader decline in Maoist influence in central India. Security forces have neutralised hundreds of insurgents, seized vast weapon caches, and expanded infrastructure in remote areas, eroding the group's logistical base. Recent operations in Sukma and neighbouring districts have disrupted supply lines and leadership structures, prompting more foot soldiers to defect.

For the surrendered Naxalites, the path ahead involves formal de-radicalisation, skill development, and eventual resettlement. Authorities provide stipends, housing assistance, and access to government schemes, aiming to transform former combatants into productive citizens. Success stories from earlier batches have reportedly encouraged others, creating a ripple effect.

This development holds strategic implications for India's internal security landscape. Chhattisgarh, with its mineral-rich terrain, has witnessed protracted Naxal violence for decades, claiming thousands of lives. The government's 'Naxal-free India' goal by 2026 appears increasingly attainable, bolstered by such surrenders and parallel efforts like road construction and mobile connectivity in affected zones.

Yet challenges persist. Hardcore Maoist leaders continue to evade capture, and sporadic violence underscores the need for vigilance. Enhanced coordination between state police, CRPF, and intelligence agencies remains crucial. As IG Pattilingam noted, the message to remaining insurgents is clear: surrender offers a dignified exit, while resistance invites inevitable defeat.

In the long term, these events signal a shift from armed confrontation to sustainable peace. By addressing root causes such as poverty and lack of opportunities, initiatives like 'Poona Margem' not only dismantle the Maoist cadre but also rebuild communities. Sukma's progress exemplifies how persistence yields results in one of India's most challenging theatres.

Based On PTI Report

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Chinese Supplied VT-4 Tank's Barrel Explodes In Thai-Cambodian Clash

Reports indicate that a Chinese-made VT-4 Main Battle Tank operated by the Royal Thai Army experienced a catastrophic failure during recent clashes near the Cambodian border. The incident marked the first confirmed tank loss in these escalating border skirmishes between Thailand and Cambodia.

Eyewitness accounts and preliminary investigations describe a sudden rupture of the tank's 125mm main gun barrel, which rendered the vehicle inoperable and caused extensive secondary damage.

The explosion not only destroyed the barrel but also severely compromised the tank's advanced digital fire control system and laser warning receivers. These critical components, integral to the VT-4's hunter-killer capabilities, were shredded by shrapnel and blast effects. The crew compartment absorbed much of the shock, leading to injuries for three of the four personnel aboard, including burns, concussions, and lacerations.

Thai military spokespersons have classified the event as an "accident," pointing to a possible malfunction during firing operations. Rescue teams extracted the wounded crew under fire, airlifting them to a field hospital for treatment. No fatalities were reported, though the injuries underscore the inherent risks of armoured warfare in contested border zones.

Debate rages over the root cause of the barrel rupture. Some analysts attribute it to overuse, with the VT-4 reportedly firing dozens of high-explosive rounds in rapid succession amid intense combat. Barrel wear from prolonged firing, especially with substandard ammunition or inadequate maintenance, could have precipitated the failure, a known vulnerability in high-pressure smoothbore guns.

Others speculate an ammunition defect, such as a propellant overload or faulty casing, triggered the catastrophe. Chinese export munitions have faced scrutiny in the past for inconsistent quality control, though NORINCO maintains rigorous standards. Forensic examination of barrel fragments and spent casings will be crucial to substantiate these claims.

The VT-4, produced by China's NORINCO, represents a cornerstone of Beijing's tank export portfolio, boasting a 1,500 horsepower engine, composite armour, and a stabilised fire control system derived from the Type 99A. Thailand acquired 38 units in 2016 for approximately £200 million, with options for more, positioning it as a key player in Southeast Asian armoured modernisation.

This tank's reputation now faces a stern test. Potential buyers in Myanmar, Nigeria, and Pakistan, who have expressed interest in the VT-4, will scrutinise the incident closely. Reliability in combat remains paramount for export hardware, and a high-profile failure could dent NORINCO's competitiveness against Western rivals like the Leclerc or T-90S.

NORINCO has yet to issue an official statement, but industry insiders anticipate a technical team dispatch to Thailand for analysis. Recovery of the wrecked hull, currently under guard in a secure depot, will provide vital data on the failure mode. Metallurgical tests could reveal fatigue cracks or manufacturing flaws in the barrel's autofrettaged steel.

Investigations continue apace, with joint Thai-NORINCO teams expected to deliver findings within weeks. Drone strike confirmation would prompt urgent doctrinal shifts, emphasising air defence for armoured columns. Regardless of cause, the VT-4 rupture serves as a stark reminder that in 21st-century battlefields, no tank is invulnerable.

PS: A Chinese-made VT4 main battle tank broke down and stalled during a dynamic display at the Zhuhai Air Show. The Defence Blog reported on this with reference to a video shared on the X.

During the demonstration, organised by NORINCO, where tracked and wheeled vehicles were presented, the export version VT-4 was supposed to demonstrate its driving characteristics. During one of the scenarios, which involved driving up a hill, the tank stopped due to a mechanical malfunction and stalled before completing the manoeuvre.

IDN (With Agency Inputs)

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Indo-Maldivian Ekuverin Exercise Enters Final Phase, Strengthening Military Ties

India and the Maldives are intensifying their military partnership through Exercise Ekuverin 2025, now entering its final phase in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. This joint endeavour underscores a deepening commitment to regional security amid evolving challenges in the Indian Ocean.

The 14th edition of the bilateral exercise kicked off on 2 December and is scheduled to wrap up on 15 December. Hosted in Kerala’s coastal terrain, it brings together troops from the Indian Army’s Southern Command and the Maldives National Defence Force (MNDF).

A contingent of 45 personnel from a Garhwal Rifles battalion represents India, matched by an equal number from the MNDF. This balanced participation fosters genuine collaboration during the two-week program.

Training unfolds across diverse landscapes, including jungles, semi-urban zones, and coastal stretches. These settings replicate real-world scenarios pertinent to Indian Ocean security dynamics.

The exercise zeroes in on amphibious and littoral operations, vital for nations flanking key maritime routes. Participants hone interoperability, operational coordination, and combat readiness through rigorous drills.

Counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism form the core focus. Joint manoeuvres sharpen tactical prowess, small-team tactics, and mission planning, addressing transnational threats head-on.

Troops exchange best practices and refine standard operating procedures. Combined planning sessions build mutual understanding, paving the way for seamless synergy in high-stakes environments.

“Ekuverin,” translating to “Friends” in Dhivehi, captures the exercise’s ethos of camaraderie. Day-to-day interactions among contingents reinforce bonds beyond the battlefield.

The platform extends to disaster-response scenarios, reflecting shared vulnerabilities to natural calamities in the region. Such versatility bolsters collective resilience.

Since its launch in 2009, Ekuverin has alternated between India and the Maldives. It has matured into a cornerstone of defence diplomacy, nurturing trust between these maritime neighbours.

The Ministry of Defence highlights Ekuverin 2025 as a testament to burgeoning ties. It reaffirms both nations’ dedication to peace, stability, and security in the Indian Ocean.

Regular joint exercises like this are indispensable for countering common threats. They elevate preparedness and streamline collective responses to crises.

India-Maldives defence links trace back decades, bolstered by maritime security pacts, capacity-building initiatives, and humanitarian aid. India recognised the Maldives soon after its 1965 independence, laying firm foundations.

The Maldives holds pride of place in India’s “Neighbourhood First” policy. This approach champions regional stability and prosperity through proactive engagement.

Ekuverin dovetails with India’s SAGAR vision—Security and Growth for All in the Region. Both countries emerge as pivotal guardians of Indian Ocean safety.

As the exercise nears completion, outcomes promise enhanced operational cohesion. Future iterations could incorporate emerging tech like drones or cyber defence, adapting to new realities.

This partnership arrives at a geopolitically sensitive juncture. With China’s naval forays and piracy risks, Indo-Maldivian drills signal resolve against disruptions.

MNDF’s reliance on India for training and equipment has grown. Exercises like Ekuverin bridge capability gaps, empowering the Maldives amid its strategic archipelago position.

India’s Garhwal Rifles bring battle-hardened expertise from border skirmishes and counter-insurgency ops. Their know-how enriches MNDF tactics tailored to island defence.

Coastal simulations test rapid deployment from sea to shore. These are crucial for securing atolls prone to smuggling or infiltration.

Jungle warfare modules address insurgency in verdant interiors. Semi-urban drills mimic hostage rescues or urban cordons, blending infantry with specialist skills.

Beyond drills, cultural exchanges build lasting rapport. Shared meals and briefings humanise the alliance, turning soldiers into enduring partners.

Ekuverin’s timing aligns with broader Indo-Pacific strategies. It counters narratives of faltering ties post-Maldives’ political shifts.

India’s aid during past Maldives crises—floods, tsunamis—cements goodwill. Military cooperation now fortifies that goodwill with hard power.

Looking ahead, Ekuverin could expand to tri-service formats, involving navies and air forces. This would mirror comprehensive threats in the maritime domain.

Ultimately, the exercise fortifies a bulwark for Indian Ocean stability. As friends train as one, India and the Maldives stand firmer against shared horizons.

Agencies

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ED Raids Over 40 Sites In Maharashtra In ISIS-Linked Module, Seizes ₹9.7 Crores

The Enforcement Directorate (ED) launched extensive search operations on 11 December across more than 40 locations in Maharashtra and several other states, targeting a money laundering investigation tied to an ISIS-affiliated module based in Padgha.

These raids, spearheaded by the ED's Mumbai Zonal Office under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002, focused on Saquib Nachan and other suspects. The operations spanned key areas such as the Padgha-Borivali region near Mumbai, alongside Delhi, Kolkata, Hazaribagh, Prayagraj, Daman, and Ratnagiri.

During the searches, the ED seized movable assets valued at approximately 9.7 crore. This haul included around Rs 3.7 crore in cash, as well as gold jewellery and bullion worth about Rs 6 crore. In parallel, the agency froze 25 bank accounts connected to the accused and other suspects, disrupting potential financial channels.

Investigators also recovered incriminating documents, radicalisation-promoting literature, digital devices, and records pertaining to immovable properties owned by the suspects. These findings underscore the depth of the probe into the module's operations.

The ED's investigation stems from FIRs and charge sheets filed by the National Investigation Agency (NIA). These documents invoke provisions of the Indian Penal Code, the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, and the Explosive Substances Act, highlighting the gravity of the terror-related charges.

Probing deeper, the ED uncovered a highly radicalised ISIS-linked network active in recruitment, training, weapon and explosives procurement, and fundraising to fuel terrorist activities. Intelligence from the Maharashtra Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) pointed to additional illegal revenue streams sustaining these efforts.

Suspects were implicated in the clandestine cutting, smuggling, and sale of Khair (Kaith) wood, with proceeds allegedly channelled towards extremist operations. Financial trails, traced through bank account analyses, linked multiple individuals to the accused, revealing a web of monetary transactions.

In response to these leads, the ED extended searches to premises of the accused, their close associates, family members, and entities exhibiting suspicious financial ties. This approach aimed to dismantle the broader support structure.

Hawala operations emerged as a key concern during the investigation, with evidence suggesting their role in funnelling illicit funds. Further scrutiny exposed the Padgha-Borivali module's involvement in illegally harvesting Kaith trees from reserve forest areas in the region.

To map the supply chain, the ED targeted companies and entities engaged in Kattha production that sourced Kaith wood from the suspects. Searches at these sites yielded suspected illegally obtained Kaith wood, prompting notifications to the relevant Forest Department authorities for immediate action.

The raids represent a significant escalation in counter-terrorism financing efforts, addressing not only direct terror linkages but also ancillary illegal activities like forest smuggling. By seizing assets and freezing accounts, the ED has curtailed the module's operational capacity.

Ongoing analysis of seized materials promises further revelations about the network's reach and methods. The involvement of multiple states indicates a geographically dispersed threat, demanding coordinated inter-agency vigilance.

This operation reaffirms the ED's pivotal role in probing terror financing, blending financial intelligence with national security imperatives. As the investigation progresses, additional arrests and asset attachments appear likely, bolstering India's defences against radicalisation and extremism.

Agencies

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US Raids Cargo Ship Travelling From China To Iran

The United States has conducted a daring raid on a cargo ship en route from China to Iran, marking a significant escalation in maritime enforcement under President Donald Trump's administration. 

According to a Wall Street Journal report cited by Al Jazeera and ANI, US forces intercepted the vessel last month, several hundred miles off the coast of Sri Lanka. This operation, executed in November 2025, represents the first such interdiction of China-Iran cargo by American military personnel in several years.

Unnamed US officials revealed that special operations forces boarded the ship, seizing materials described as "potentially useful for Iran's conventional weapons programmes." These items, however, were characterised as dual-use goods, capable of both military and civilian applications. Despite the seizure, the ship was permitted to continue its journey after the inspection, avoiding a full confiscation.

The raid aligns with a broader pattern of aggressive US maritime tactics. Just weeks later, American forces seized an oil tanker off Venezuela's coast for alleged sanctions violations, towing it to a Texas port. This Venezuelan incident, occurring earlier this week, drew sharp condemnation from Beijing, which views such actions as unlawful extensions of US jurisdiction.

Iran remains under stringent US sanctions, aimed at curbing its nuclear ambitions and ballistic missile development. China, Tehran’s major trading partner, has consistently decried these measures as illegal and lacking UN Security Council authorisation. On the day of the Wall Street Journal report, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun reiterated Beijing's opposition to "unilateral illicit sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction."

The Trump administration has signalled no retreat from these strategies. White House spokesperson Karoline Leavitt stated on Thursday that future vessel seizures near Venezuela remain on the table. This comes amid heightened US pressure on Caracas, which Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro accuses of being a covert regime-change operation.

The US Indo-Pacific Command has not yet officially confirmed the China-Iran raid, though an official acknowledged the dual-use nature of the contraband to the Wall Street Journal. Neither Iran nor China has issued immediate responses to the specific incident, though historical patterns suggest diplomatic protests may follow.

This interdiction underscores shifting dynamics in global supply chains. China’s role as a conduit for sanctioned goods to Iran has long concerned Western powers, particularly amid Tehran’s advancements in missile technology and regional proxy conflicts. Dual-use items—such as advanced electronics, chemicals, or precision components—could bolster Iran’s drone fleets or ballistic systems without overtly breaching arms embargoes.

Geopolitically, the operation highlights tensions in the Indian Ocean, a vital artery for energy shipments and trade. Its proximity to Sri Lanka raises questions about regional stability, especially as India navigates its own balancing act between US partnerships and economic ties to China. New Delhi, which has deepened defence cooperation with Washington via the Quad, monitors such events closely for implications on maritime security.

The timing of the raid, just before the Venezuelan seizure, suggests a coordinated US campaign to enforce sanctions unilaterally. Critics, including Beijing, argue this bypasses international law, potentially provoking retaliatory measures like increased Chinese naval patrols in the Indo-Pacific. For Iran, reliant on covert imports, the action disrupts supply lines critical to its military-industrial base.

Trump’s return to the White House appears to have revived a "maximum pressure" doctrine, dormant under previous administrations. Similar interdictions were more common during his first term, targeting Iranian oil smuggling and proliferation networks.

Analysts anticipate this could strain US-China relations further, especially as Beijing expands its Belt and Road investments in the Middle East.

In the Venezuelan context, the oil tanker seizure intensifies economic warfare against Maduro’s government. China, a top buyer of Venezuelan crude, faces direct challenges to its energy security. Guo Jiakun’s remarks reflect broader Sino-US friction, exacerbated by trade disputes and Taiwan tensions.

For global markets, these events signal heightened risks to shipping routes. Insurers may hike premiums for vessels traversing sanction-prone waters, while exporters rethink dual-use cargo manifests. Iran’s response could involve asymmetric tactics, such as Houthi-style disruptions in the Red Sea, testing US resolve.

Ultimately, the China-Iran raid exemplifies how maritime domain awareness—bolstered by US allies’ intelligence-sharing—enables precise interventions. As sanctions evasion evolves with commercial shipping’s opacity, such operations may become routine, reshaping international norms on freedom of navigation.

Based On ANI Report

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Parliament Panel: HAL Gas Turbine Project HTFE-25 Stalled By Delayed Test-Bed Approvals

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) faces significant setbacks in its gas turbine engine development program, as highlighted in a comprehensive review by the Committee on Public Undertakings (CPU), reported Meghna Mittal of Money Control.

The panel, in its Twenty-Sixth Report presented to Parliament in December 2025, has cautioned against persistent delays stemming from slow approvals for essential testing infrastructure. These hurdles threaten to undermine India's ambitions for self-reliance in strategic aerospace systems.

HAL is developing two key aero-engines under the program: a 25 kilonewton engine designed for Intermediate Jet Trainer-class aircraft and a turboshaft engine for helicopters. Sanctioned at a cost of ₹441.41 crore, the project has seen Stage-II drag on since 2018 without any sign of completion.

The CPU attributes these delays to procurement bottlenecks, failure to secure critical components on time, and prolonged issues with test-bed construction approvals.

Land clearance problems have compounded the challenges, with bureaucratic inefficiencies adding over three years to the project timeline. As a result, HAL has been forced to write off ₹159.23 crore in unrecoverable costs. The committee reiterated concerns first raised in its Tenth Report, emphasising time and cost overruns due to administrative delays.

The Defence Ministry has acknowledged the complexities involved, noting that HAL proactively undertook the R&D to foster self-reliance. Critical components for these engines are being designed and developed domestically for the first time, leading to redesign delays.

Material research is underway through the Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) under DRDO and Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited (MIDHANI), with HAL placing orders worth ₹757.82 crore on the latter.

Despite these efforts, the CPU criticised the ministry for lacking a clear roadmap on critical testing infrastructure. HAL has partnered with DRDO, MIDHANI, and global engine makers, including its joint venture SAFHAL with Safran Helicopter Engines. However, the panel described the ministry's responses as interim, with the core issue of dedicated test-bed facilities remaining unresolved.

The committee stressed that a mere gap analysis of ground testing facilities—currently in progress—is insufficient. It desires the Ministry of Defence to expedite a definitive action plan, complete with clear timelines and funding arrangements. Without urgent operationalisation of the long-pending test-bed, the programme risks further erosion of indigenisation goals under Atmanirbhar Bharat.

International engine technologies remain closely guarded, with very few countries possessing matured gas turbine manufacturing capabilities that they willingly transfer. This underscores the strategic importance of HAL's indigenous push, even amid setbacks. The CPU has directed the ministry to furnish final action-taken replies expeditiously and keep the committee informed of progress.

Chaired by Baijayant Panda, the CPU comprises senior MPs from both Houses, including Tariq Anwar, Sudip Bandyopadhyay, Kanimozhi Karunanidhi, Milind Deora, John Brittas, and Bhagwat Karad. Their report pulls up the ministry for failing to address long-pending gaps in test-bed facilities, which are crucial for engine certification and development.

These delays not only inflate costs but also jeopardise broader defence modernisation efforts. HAL's programme represents a pivotal step towards reducing import dependence in aero-engines, a domain where India has historically lagged. Resolving test-bed approvals swiftly could unlock progress and bolster national security imperatives.

The ministry's ongoing gap analysis offers a starting point, yet the CPU insists on transformative action. With procurement hurdles and land issues now in the spotlight, stakeholders await concrete measures to salvage the timeline. This episode highlights enduring challenges in India's defence R&D ecosystem, where administrative agility remains as critical as technological prowess.

Based On Money Control Report

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Research Centre Imarat (DRDO) Taps Private Sector For Quantum Avionics In India's 6th-Gen Fighters

Unconfirmed reports indicate that the Research Centre Imarat (RCI) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has issued an invitation to Indian private companies and start-ups to co-develop quantum-based avionic sensors. These cutting-edge technologies form the essential core for sixth-generation combat aircraft, marking a pivotal shift towards redefining aerial warfare capabilities.

Quantum avionics signifies a profound technological advancement over the sensors in current fifth-generation fighters like the Rafale. While modern jets depend on Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radars and electronic warfare systems, quantum systems promise unparalleled performance in contested environments.

Pilots equipped with these sensors would gain near-perfect situational awareness, even when GPS signals are denied, communications are jammed, and stealth features falter against enemy low-frequency radars. This initiative dovetails seamlessly with India's National Quantum Mission, which channels government funding to deep-tech start-ups for self-reliance in quantum technologies.

RCI's development efforts centre on three key quantum domains. Quantum inertial navigation stands out first, offering navigation precision down to centimetres after hours of flight without satellite guidance. This capability ensures operational effectiveness in GPS-denied zones, a critical asset for missions over hostile territories.

Quantum magnetometry represents the second pillar, detecting subtle magnetic field variations to pinpoint submerged submarines or buried improvised explosive devices from high altitudes. Such sensors transform fighter jets into potent intelligence platforms, extending their utility beyond traditional combat roles.

The third domain encompasses quantum radar and lidar, leveraging quantum mechanics principles like entangled photons. These systems can unmask stealth aircraft invisible to conventional radars, providing a decisive edge in detecting low-observable threats.

Start-ups such as QuBeats have already advanced this field, securing grants under the ADITI 2.0 Defence Challenge for quantum positioning systems tailored to the Indian Navy. RCI seeks to build on this momentum, extending successes to the Indian Air Force's requirements.

Laboratory-scale prototypes from RCI already outperform ring-laser gyroscopes used in aircraft like the Tejas and Rafale, boasting superior sensitivity in quantum accelerometers and magnetometers. Yet, the crux of the challenge remains miniaturisation and ruggedisation.

These sensors must endure the rigours of aerial combat, including vibrations and thermal stresses from Mach 2+ speeds and 9g manoeuvres. Transitioning fragile lab instruments into compact, resilient units demands innovative engineering solutions.

To surmount these obstacles, RCI Director B.H.V.S. Narayana Murthy has embraced private sector collaboration via the Technology Development Fund (TDF) and Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX). This marks a departure from DRDO's traditional in-house development model.

India's start-up ecosystem holds specialised expertise in silicon photonics, cryogenic cooling, and single-photon detectors—areas vital for quantum avionics. Firms specialising in advanced materials, including diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres, are prime candidates for joint partnerships.

The collaboration targets flight-worthy quantum sensor modules for integration into the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) Mk2 and subsequent sixth-generation platforms. These form the cornerstone of India's aerospace ambitions.

Operationally, quantum inertial navigation proves immune to jamming or spoofing, granting pilots a "fly-through-denial" prowess over contested borders. This reliability enhances mission success in electronically contested airspace.

Quantum radar's stealth-detection prowess would erode adversaries' advantages with advanced low-observable fighters, levelling the playing field for Indian forces. Such capabilities promise to reshape air superiority dynamics in regional conflicts.

RCI commits up to 90 per cent funding for select partners, paired with full technology transfer and a streamlined production pathway. A stringent condition mandates complete indigenisation, from chip fabrication to aircraft integration.

This partnership model fosters a symbiotic ecosystem where DRDO provides core research, while private entities deliver manufacturing scalability and rapid iteration. It accelerates India's journey towards quantum-enabled air dominance.

Historically insulated government labs now tap into agile start-ups, mirroring global trends in defence innovation. Nations like the United States and China pursue similar quantum avionics for next-generation fighters, underscoring the urgency for India.

Successful outcomes could position India as a quantum defence technology exporter, bolstering strategic autonomy. Indigenous production safeguards against supply chain vulnerabilities, a lesson reinforced by recent geopolitical tensions.

Challenges persist beyond miniaturisation, including quantum coherence maintenance under operational stresses and cost-effective scaling. Yet, RCI's track record in missile guidance systems instils confidence in overcoming these hurdles.

Private participation injects commercial discipline, potentially slashing development timelines from decades to years. iDEX and TDF frameworks have already proven effective in projects like drone swarms and underwater vehicles.

For the AMCA program, quantum sensors elevate the platform from a fifth-generation-plus contender to a true sixth-generation leader. Integration timelines align with AMCA Mk2's projected timeline, ensuring timely fielding.

Broader implications extend to unmanned systems and space assets, where quantum navigation enhances precision in satellite-denied scenarios. This versatility amplifies return on investment for quantum R&D.

Industry insiders note discreet outreach to NV-centre specialists, hinting at imminent partnerships. Selection criteria prioritise proven prototypes and defence alignment, with prototypes expected for flight trials within 18-24 months.

India's private defence sector, buoyed by eased FDI norms, stands ready with entities like TATA Advanced Systems and Bharat Electronics contributing aerospace expertise. Quantum avionics could catalyse a new wave of indigenous champions.

Geopolitically, this initiative counters stealth-centric doctrines of neighbours, fortifying India's air posture along the LAC and LoC. Quantum magnetometry adds maritime domain awareness, synergising with Navy requirements.

The National Quantum Mission's ₹6,000 crore allocation provides a robust financial backbone, with RCI channelling funds towards avionics-specific milestones. Deep-tech incentives further de-risk private investments.

RCI's call heralds a quantum leap—literally—for Indian aerospace. By fusing DRDO's research prowess with private innovation, India edges closer to self-reliant, sixth-generation airpower that redefines strategic deterrence.

Agencies

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US House Trio Introduces Resolution To Scrap Trump's 50% India Tariffs

Three Members of the US House of Representatives have introduced a resolution to terminate President Donald Trump's national emergency declaration, which imposed tariffs of up to 50 per cent on imports from India.

The move, led by Representatives Deborah Ross, Marc Veasey, and Raja Krishnamoorthi, labels these measures as "illegal" and detrimental to American workers, consumers, and US-India bilateral relations.

This House resolution mirrors a bipartisan Senate effort to end similar tariffs on Brazil and limit the President's use of emergency powers for raising import duties. It specifically targets the additional 25 per cent "secondary" duties imposed on India on 27 August 2025, layered atop earlier reciprocal tariffs, pushing duties on many Indian products to a combined 50 per cent under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA).

Congresswoman Deborah Ross, representing North Carolina, underscored her state's deep economic ties with India. She noted that Indian companies have invested over a billion dollars there, generating thousands of jobs in life sciences and technology sectors. North Carolina manufacturers, meanwhile, export hundreds of millions of dollars worth of goods to India each year.

Congressman Marc Veasey highlighted the cultural, economic, and strategic importance of India as a partner. He described the tariffs as a "tax on everyday North Texans" grappling with rising costs, arguing that they undermine shared interests.

Indian-American Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi called the tariffs "counterproductive," warning that they disrupt supply chains, harm US workers, and inflate consumer prices. He advocated ending them to bolster US-India economic and security cooperation, stating that such duties fail to advance American interests or security.

The resolution forms part of a wider Democratic push in Congress to contest Trump's unilateral trade actions and recalibrate relations with India. In October, Ross, Veasey, Krishnamoorthi, Congressman Ro Khanna, and 19 others had urged the President to reverse these policies and mend strained ties.

This initiative seeks to reclaim Congress's constitutional authority over trade, curbing the executive's reliance on emergency powers for what critics deem misguided policies. The release accompanying the resolution emphasised this as a stand against presidential overreach in trade matters.

The tariffs trace back to August 2025, when Trump first levied a 25 per cent duty on Indian goods from 1 August, citing India's ongoing purchases of Russian oil. Days later, he added another 25 per cent, claiming these imports fuel Moscow's war efforts in Ukraine, resulting in the total 50 per cent burden.

These measures have strained US-India trade, a relationship valued at billions annually, encompassing sectors like pharmaceuticals, IT services, textiles, and machinery. Indian exports to the US, already facing prior reciprocal duties, now confront heightened barriers amid global supply chain pressures.

For American stakeholders, the tariffs exacerbate inflation concerns, with higher costs passed to consumers for Indian-sourced goods ranging from steel to chemicals. Businesses in tariff-hit states like North Carolina report disrupted investments and lost export opportunities.

Geopolitically, the duties risk alienating India, a key Quad partner countering Chinese influence in the Indo-Pacific. Amid shared security interests, including intelligence sharing and joint military exercises, trade tensions could undermine strategic alignment against mutual threats.

Congressional critics argue that IEEPA, designed for genuine emergencies like sanctions on adversaries, has been misused for trade wars. Previous court challenges to similar Trump-era tariffs have had mixed outcomes, but this resolution invokes legislative checks on executive power.

Passage in the House remains uncertain, given Republican majorities and Trump's influence, yet it signals growing bipartisan unease with tariff escalation. A parallel Senate bill on Brazil suggests potential momentum for broader reform.

Supporters frame the resolution as pro-worker and pro-consumer, aligning with Democratic platforms while appealing to business lobbies invested in India. Failure to act, they warn, could invite retaliatory Indian measures, further harming US exporters.

India's response has been measured, with officials urging dialogue through bilateral channels like the Trade Policy Forum. New Delhi continues Russian oil imports to diversify energy sources amid sanctions, viewing US pressure as inconsistent with strategic partnership.

Longer-term, this episode highlights fractures in US trade policy under Trump 2.0, balancing "America First" rhetoric with alliances. Ending the tariffs could pave the way for a US-India free trade agreement, long discussed but stalled by domestic politics.

The resolution's tabling on Friday local time underscores urgency, as duties persist amid holiday shopping seasons amplifying consumer impacts. Observers anticipate hearings or votes in early 2026, testing Congress's resolve against presidential trade autonomy.

Based On ANI Report

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Lloyds Engineering Works Launches Dedicated Defence Division

Lloyds Engineering Works Limited (LEWL), a prominent player in the engineering sector, has taken a bold step into India's burgeoning defence industry by incorporating a wholly-owned subsidiary named Lloyds Advance Defence Systems Ltd.

This move, announced on 12 December 2025, underscores the company's ambition to carve out a significant niche in indigenous defence manufacturing amid the nation's push for self-reliance in security technologies.

The new subsidiary is dedicated exclusively to the defence vertical, which LEWL views as a realm of immense strategic importance and substantial growth potential. By ring-fencing operations under this entity, the company aims to enhance agility, ensure specialised compliance with defence regulations, and foster a concentrated focus on local production capabilities.

This strategic initiative aligns seamlessly with India's 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' agenda in defence, emphasising not merely the adoption of advanced solutions but their complete indigenisation within the country. LEWL anticipates that this synergy between global expertise and domestic execution will form a cornerstone of its future growth, driving sustained value creation for stakeholders.

To bolster its entry, LEWL has forged key international collaborations, enabling rapid deployment of cutting-edge technologies. These partnerships position the firm to deliver world-class defence equipment tailored to India's evolving security imperatives, from tactical drones to sophisticated radar systems.

A pivotal alliance is with Poland's FlyFocus Sp. z o.o., targeting the joint introduction of advanced First Person View (FPV) drones. These next-generation unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are designed for rapid-response tactical operations, addressing critical gaps in India's drone warfare capabilities amid rising border tensions and asymmetric threats.

Complementing this, LEWL has partnered with Kliver Polska Sp. z o.o., also from Poland, for marine and underwater systems. The collaboration encompasses the design and prototyping of essential marine infrastructure, including Towed Reels for multifunctional underwater platforms and Operational Test Tilt Stands, enhancing India's naval and sub-surface defence posture.

Adding to its technological portfolio, the company has inked a deal with Italy's Virtualabs S.r.l. for state-of-the-art radar technology. Applicable across both defence and civilian domains, this partnership promises versatile radar solutions that could integrate into air defence networks, surveillance systems, and even homeland security applications.

These tie-ups exemplify a pragmatic approach to technology transfer, blending foreign know-how with Indian manufacturing prowess. For LEWL, transitioning from its engineering roots—primarily in metals and heavy fabrication—to defence production leverages existing strengths in precision engineering and modular assembly.

India's defence sector has witnessed explosive growth, with procurement budgets surging and private participation encouraged under reforms like the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020. Companies like LEWL entering via specialised subsidiaries mirror trends seen with Tata Advanced Systems and Bharat Forge, accelerating private sector contributions to a market projected to exceed $25 billion annually by 2025.

The FPV drones from the FlyFocus collaboration are particularly timely, given the Indian Armed Forces' emphasis on swarm drone tactics post the 2020 Galwan clash. These systems offer real-time video feeds for precision strikes, reconnaissance, and electronic warfare, potentially integrating with platforms like the Akashteer command system.

In the maritime domain, Kliver Polska's contributions address vulnerabilities in underwater operations. Towed Reels facilitate deployment of sonar arrays and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), vital for anti-submarine warfare in the Indian Ocean Region, where China's naval expansion poses strategic challenges.

Virtualabs' radar expertise could yield multi-function radars with active electronically scanned array (AESA) features, bolstering India's integrated air defence grid. Dual-use potential extends to civilian aviation and disaster management, aligning with the government's push for technology diversification.

Financially, LEWL's shares reacted positively to the announcement, reflecting investor confidence in defence as a high-margin, long-term play. The subsidiary's structure allows for dedicated funding, R&D investments, and order pipelines from DRDO, HAL, and the three Services.

Challenges ahead include navigating stringent export controls, qualifying for 'Make in India' tenders, and scaling production amid supply chain constraints. Yet, LEWL's established order book in non-defence sectors provides a stable base for this diversification.

This foray positions Lloyds Advance Defence Systems as a nimble innovator in a crowded field dominated by incumbents like L&T and Bharat Electronics. Success will hinge on execution, certification milestones, and securing initial contracts, potentially transforming LEWL into a defence heavyweight.

The development signals deepening private sector momentum in India's defence indigenisation drive, promising enhanced national security through homegrown, globally benchmarked technologies.

Based On ET News Report

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