India Eyes P-75(I) Sub Deal Finalisation During Merz's Visit Next Week

India and Germany stand on the brink of sealing their largest military contract to date, centred on the joint production of six advanced submarines for the Indian Navy. This development coincides with the upcoming visit of German Chancellor Friedrich Merz to India on 12 and 13 January. The agreement promises to bolster India's underwater capabilities amid growing regional security challenges.

The deal involves ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS), a German heavyweight in submarine manufacturing, partnering with Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), a Mumbai-based public sector undertaking under India's Ministry of Defence.

Valued at approximately $8 billion, the contract targets the construction of six Type 214 conventional submarines equipped with air-independent propulsion (AIP) technology. This pact builds on a memorandum of understanding signed between the two firms in June 2025.

TKMS brings its expertise as the global leader in non-nuclear submarines featuring AIP systems, which enable vessels to remain submerged for extended periods—up to six days in operational scenarios. MDL, renowned for its shipbuilding prowess, will handle the construction and delivery of the submarines entirely in India. The collaboration emphasises significant local content, aligning with India's push for indigenous defence manufacturing under initiatives like 'Make in India'.

Under Project-75 of the Indian Navy, these stealth submarines will incorporate the latest German engineering and design inputs, supplemented by TKMS consultancy. The AIP technology addresses a critical operational need, allowing diesel-electric submarines to operate without frequent surfacing for battery recharging, thereby enhancing stealth and endurance in contested waters.

This prospective deal revives a historical partnership tracing back to the late 1980s, when India acquired four HDW submarines from Germany. Two of those were built at MDL in 1992 and 1994, while the others were delivered directly from Germany. HDW has since been absorbed by TKMS, ensuring continuity in technological lineage.

The urgency of this contract stems from the Indian Navy's dire submarine shortfall. Currently, the force operates just 16 conventional submarines, with 10 exceeding 30 years of age. This fleet size mirrors the late 1990s levels, despite India's expanding maritime responsibilities in the Indian Ocean Region.

India's strategic submarine fleet has dwindled due to ageing vessels from the Sindhughosh and Shishumar-classes, compounded by delays in domestic programmes like Project 75I. The Navy now faces an acute capability gap, particularly against adversaries like China, which boasts over 70 submarines, many modern and AIP-equipped.

Chancellor Merz's visit could provide the political impetus to finalise negotiations, potentially including technology transfer clauses vital for India's self-reliance goals. The Type 214 platform, proven in service with navies like Greece and South Korea, offers a battle-tested design adaptable to Indian specifications, such as vertical launch systems for missiles.

Localisation efforts will see MDL ramp up infrastructure at its Mumbai yard, creating jobs and stimulating ancillary industries in steel, electronics, and propulsion systems. This aligns with recent defence corridors in Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh, fostering a robust submarine ecosystem.

Geopolitically, the pact strengthens Indo-German defence ties, building on collaborations in areas like fighter jets and naval systems. It diversifies India's procurement away from traditional Russian suppliers, amid sanctions and delivery delays affecting platforms like the S-400.

For the Indian Navy, these submarines will enhance asymmetric warfare capabilities, including anti-surface and anti-submarine roles. Integrated with indigenous sensors and weapons like Astra missiles, they could form a potent underwater deterrent.

Challenges remain, including pricing negotiations and timelines, with construction expected to span nearly a decade. Ensuring AIP technology transfer without export restrictions will be pivotal, given Germany's stringent controls.

India's broader submarine ambitions include nuclear-powered vessels under Project 75 Alpha and the indigenous P-75I, but conventional boats like these Type-214s provide immediate relief. Success here could pave the way for future exports from Indian yards, positioning the nation as a submarine exporter.

This landmark deal not only addresses immediate naval voids but also cements a strategic alliance, propelling India's maritime power into the next decade. As Chancellor Merz lands in New Delhi, all eyes will be on whether ink meets paper to launch this underwater.

Agencies

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Pak Propaganda Busted, Here's How Islamabad Ran For Help During Op Sindoor: NDTV Report

Pakistan's propaganda surrounding Operation Sindoor has been thoroughly debunked by official US government filings, revealing Islamabad's desperate pleas for American intervention during India's decisive military response.

The revelations stem from documents submitted under the US Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA), accessed by NDTV, which expose the stark contrast between Pakistan's public narrative and its private anxieties.

Operation Sindoor, launched by India on 7 May, was a robust counter-terrorism offensive aimed at avenging the brutal massacre of 26 innocents in Jammu and Kashmir's Pahalgam by Pakistan-backed terrorists.

Indian airstrikes targeted terror camps and airbases deep within Pakistani territory, eliminating over 100 terrorists and inflicting significant damage in a matter of days. The operation triggered a brief but intense conflict, culminating in a ceasefire on 10 May, yet Pakistan's official accounts painted a picture of Indian capitulation.

A key FARA document, circulated by lobbying firm Squire Patton Boggs on Islamabad's behalf, betrays profound Pakistani fears that the strikes were merely "paused" rather than concluded.

"We worry that PM Modi has said India has only paused its military action, and attacks on Pakistan could resume," the document candidly stated, highlighting Islamabad's dread of further Indian reprisals.

This admission directly contradicts Pakistan's claims that India initiated ceasefire talks, when in truth, it was Pakistani commanders who urgently sought de-escalation amid mounting losses.

Outmatched by India's superior military capabilities, Pakistan turned to the United States as a last resort, imploring President Donald Trump for assistance to avert renewed attacks.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself reinforced this reality in a July parliamentary address, declaring that "Operation Sindoor was merely suspended" and warning that any further provocation would invite "a fitting and formidable retaliation."

The operation remains "active and resolute," Modi emphasised, underscoring India's unwavering commitment to national security.

Further US filings illuminate Pakistan's extensive lobbying efforts in Washington, with diplomats and defence officials securing over 50 meetings with American lawmakers and administration officials. These engagements, detailed in reports from 6 January, aimed to shape US perceptions in Pakistan's favour, yet they inadvertently exposed the one-sided nature of the appeals.

Crucially, the documents confirm that New Delhi never requested American mediation nor broached ceasefire discussions in official US interactions.

This stands in sharp opposition to Trump's repeated public assertions of US-brokered peace, which lack any evidential basis from the Indian side. Pakistan's misinformation campaign sought to portray Operation Sindoor as a strategic setback for India, but the FARA disclosures dismantle this façade, affirming the precision and effectiveness of India's response.

The Pahalgam attack, which claimed 26 civilian lives, served as the unambiguous trigger for Operation Sindoor, galvanising India's resolve against cross-border terrorism.

Indian forces executed the strikes with remarkable accuracy, neutralising high-value terror infrastructure while minimising collateral risks.

Pakistan's air defences proved woefully inadequate, prompting frantic internal assessments that overestimated Indian intentions and capabilities.

As losses mounted by 10 May, Pakistani military leadership conceded the imbalance, prompting the ceasefire request that Islamabad later misrepresented.

The lobbying blitz in the US, involving substantial resources channelled through firms like Squire Patton Boggs, underscores Pakistan's reliance on external influence amid domestic vulnerabilities.

Yet these efforts have backfired, providing irrefutable proof of Pakistan's apprehensions and India's strategic restraint.Modi's parliamentary warning in July not only deterred immediate escalations but also signalled a new era of proactive defence against terror sponsors.

The FARA documents thus serve as a public ledger of Pakistan's duplicity, validating India's narrative of measured yet unyielding retaliation.

In the broader geopolitical context, Operation Sindoor exemplifies India's growing military autonomy and refusal to tolerate proxy aggression from neighbours. Islamabad's overtures to Washington reveal deeper insecurities about confronting a resurgent India, particularly under Modi's assertive leadership.

As 2026 unfolds, these disclosures will likely influence international perceptions of the India-Pakistan dynamic, bolstering India's position on the global stage.

Pakistan's propaganda machine, once adept at shaping narratives, now grapples with the transparency afforded by US regulatory filings. India's transparency in engagements—or lack thereof—with the US further erodes credibility in Pakistani claims of American involvement.

Operation Sindoor stands as a testament to India's operational prowess and strategic clarity, with the busted propaganda laying bare the adversaries' fears.

Based On NDTV Report

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Lokesh Machines Bags ₹22 Crores AWEIL Order For 9mm Pistol Parts

Lokesh Machines Limited, a prominent player in India's precision engineering sector, has secured a significant contract worth ₹22 crore from the Ministry of Defence's Advanced Weapons and Equipment India (AWE India). This order underscores the company's growing footprint in defence manufacturing, particularly in the production of critical firearm components.

The contract specifically entails the supply of 99 mm machine pistol sub-assemblies and components. Such items form essential parts of advanced small arms systems, which are vital for modern infantry and special forces operations.

The precision required for these sub-assemblies highlights Lokesh Machines' expertise in high-tolerance machining.

As per the company's exchange filing with the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), the total order value amounts to precisely ₹22,00,46,400. This figure reflects the scale of the procurement, aligning with the Indian armed forces' push towards indigenous sourcing under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Execution of the order must be completed on or before 19 March 2026, providing Lokesh Machines with a clear timeline of approximately two months from the announcement date. This deadline ensures timely integration into defence supply chains, potentially supporting ongoing modernisation programs.

The company has explicitly stated that neither its promoters, promoter group, nor any group entities hold any interest in AWE India, the awarding body. This disclosure reinforces transparency and compliance with regulatory norms, eliminating concerns over conflicts of interest.

Furthermore, Lokesh Machines clarified that the transaction does not qualify as a related-party transaction under applicable accounting standards. Such affirmations are crucial for investor confidence, especially in defence contracts where scrutiny over governance remains high.

At its core, Lokesh Machines specialises in the manufacture of special purpose machines (SPMs), general purpose machines, and CNC lathes. The firm also excels in producing connecting rods and undertaking precision machining of cylinder blocks and heads, primarily for automotive and industrial applications.

This defence order marks a strategic diversification for Lokesh Machines into the high-margin defence sector. Historically focused on civilian engineering, the company has increasingly pivoted towards military hardware, leveraging its machining capabilities to meet stringent defence specifications.

The 99 mm machine pistol calibre points to compact, high-rate-of-fire weapons suitable for close-quarters combat. These systems are increasingly relevant for India's security forces amid evolving threats along borders and in counter-insurgency operations.

AWE India, under the Ministry of Defence, plays a pivotal role in procuring advanced weaponry and equipment. Its selection of Lokesh Machines signals trust in private sector capabilities, aligning with government efforts to reduce reliance on imports and bolster domestic MSMEs.

Financially, this ₹22 crore order represents a meaningful addition to Lokesh Machines' order book. For a mid-sized firm, it could contribute substantially to revenue in the current fiscal year, enhancing profitability through economies of scale in component production.

The contract arrives at a time when India's defence manufacturing ecosystem is expanding rapidly. Initiatives like the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 prioritise indigenous vendors, creating opportunities for companies like Lokesh Machines to scale up.

Lokesh Machines' technical prowess in SPMs and CNC machining directly translates to defence needs, where sub-micron accuracy is non-negotiable. This order validates the firm's investments in advanced manufacturing technologies, such as multi-axis machining centres.

Looking ahead, successful execution could open doors to repeat orders and larger contracts. With India's defence budget projected to exceed ₹6 lakh crore in 2026-27, private players like Lokesh Machines stand to benefit from sustained procurement drives.

The absence of promoter interests also mitigates risks associated with insider dealings, appealing to institutional investors tracking the stock. Shares of Lokesh Machines may see positive momentum as markets digest this development.

this deal exemplifies the Modi government's vision for a self-reliant defence industry. By empowering firms with proven engineering chops, India aims to achieve 70% indigenisation in small arms by the end of the decade.

Challenges remain, including supply chain disruptions and raw material volatility, but Lokesh Machines' track record suggests resilience. The March 2026 deadline will test their execution capabilities under pressure.

This order not only bolsters Lokesh Machines' credentials but also contributes to India's strategic autonomy in defence production, fostering a robust ecosystem for future innovations.

Based On Capital Market Report

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India Imported Russian Oil Worth 144 Billion Euros Since Ukraine War: Report

India has imported Russian crude oil worth approximately 144 billion euros since the Ukraine war began in February 2022, according to a report from the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA). This positions India as the second-largest buyer of Russian oil globally, trailing only China.

The CREA analysis highlights how India stepped in as the primary purchaser of discounted Russian crude after Western nations imposed sanctions on Moscow following its invasion of Ukraine. Over this period, Russia's total earnings from global fossil fuel sales have reached around 1 trillion euros, funds that CREA claims continue to support the conflict.

China leads with purchases totalling 293.7 billion euros, including 210.3 billion euros in oil, 42.7 billion euros in coal, and 40.6 billion euros in gas, up to 3 January 2026. India followed with 162.5 billion euros in fossil fuels, comprising 143.88 billion euros in oil and 18.18 billion euros in coal.

The European Union, despite sanctions, spent 218.1 billion euros on Russian fossil fuels: 106.3 billion euros on oil, 3.5 billion euros on coal, and 108.2 billion euros on gas. CREA notes that one-fifth of Russia's trillion-euro revenue stems from EU imports, largely gas, which remains unsanctioned.

G7 nations and the EU responded to the invasion with sanctions and export controls, but these lack UN Security Council backing. Countries like China, India, Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Serbia have not endorsed these measures, allowing Russian energy flows to persist.

Russian oil continues entering the EU via Hungary and Slovakia, supported by Druzhba pipeline derogations. CREA points to Russia's shadow fleet expansion and rerouting of refined products as key factors sustaining trade, even as EU imports of Russian crude fell after the December 2022 embargo and February 2023 refined products ban.

India, the world's third-largest oil importer, traditionally depended on Middle Eastern supplies. Post-invasion, it ramped up Russian imports dramatically, with Russia's share surging from under 1 per cent to nearly 40 per cent of India's total crude basket amid Western shunning and discounts.

At its peak, Russia supplied about 35 per cent of India's crude needs before fresh US sanctions on Rosneft and Lukoil took effect on 22 November 2025. India's daily Russian oil purchases from non-sanctioned entities now stand at around 72.92 million euros as of early January 2026, down from 130.49 million euros in late November and a high of 189.07 million euros in July 2023.

Major Indian refiners have reacted swiftly to the sanctions. Reliance Industries, the top buyer, has halted Russian oil imports, as have Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL), HPCL-Mittal Energy Ltd, and Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd.

IOC and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd persist in sourcing from non-sanctioned Russian entities. Nayara Energy, backed by sanctioned Rosneft and already targeted by EU measures, continues procuring from Rosneft and others.

While the EU bans fuels derived from Russian crude, Australia, Canada, and the US have not followed suit. Reliance, a key exporter to Europe, has pledged to cease using Russian oil for such shipments.

This shift underscores India's pragmatic energy security strategy amid global realignments, balancing discounted access against escalating geopolitical pressures. Russia's adaptability via shadow fleets and new markets has prolonged its revenue stream despite sanctions.

CREA's data reveals the limits of Western-led restrictions, as non-aligned buyers like India fill the gap left by Europe. India's reduced reliance on Russian oil may accelerate diversification efforts, potentially towards Middle Eastern or alternative suppliers.

The report arrives amid tightening US enforcement, signalling potential further declines in Russian oil's Indian market share. For India, this evolution tests its refining capabilities and import economics in a volatile landscape.

Based On PTI Report

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ISRO's Military Assets Missions To Blast Off In 1st Quarter of 2026

India's space agency, ISRO, has scheduled two key strategic satellite launches for the first quarter of 2026, marking a rebound from setbacks in the previous year. On 12 January at 10:17 am IST, the PSLV-C62 will lift off from Sriharikota, carrying the DRDO-developed hyperspectral Earth observation satellite Anvesha, also known as EOS-N1. This mission, managed by NewSpace India Ltd (NSIL), will also deploy 18 co-passenger satellites from Indian and international users.

The Anvesha satellite features advanced hyperspectral sensors capable of capturing narrow spectral bands invisible to the human eye or standard cameras. These enable detection of camouflaged objects, such as concealed metals, vehicles, or troop movements, by analysing unique colour reflections—proving invaluable for strategic surveillance.

The second mission involves the GSLV-F17 launching EOS-05, identified as the Geo Imaging Satellite (GISAT-2), enhancing India's geosynchronous imaging capabilities. These launches follow two notable failures in 2025: the PSLV-C61/EOS-09 mission on 18 May, which suffered a mid-flight anomaly with an estimated loss of ₹850 crore, and the GSLV-F15/NVS-02 on 29 January, thwarted by a pyro valve malfunction costing around ₹300 crore.

Historical setbacks include the 2021 GSLV-F10/GISAT-1 cryogenic failure and the 2017 PSLV/IRNSS-1H heat shield issue. However, ISRO ended 2025 on a high note with the successful LVM3 launch of the military GSAT-7R (CMS-03) in November.

Beyond these, ISRO plans additional missions by March 2026. The HLVM-3 G1/OM1 will conduct the first uncrewed Gaganyaan test, validating human-rated systems from launch to crew module recovery. PSLV-C63/TDS-01 will demonstrate high-thrust electric propulsion, indigenous TWT amplifiers, and quantum key distribution for future all-electric satellites and transponders.

Finally, PSLV N1/EOS-10—India's first industry-consortium-built PSLV—will orbit the Oceansat-3A satellite for oceanographic, meteorological, and land studies, accompanied by the Indo-Mauritius joint satellite and private sector Leap-2. Paired with EOS-06 (Oceansat-3), it will deliver daily data via payloads like Ocean Colour Monitor and Scatterometer.

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India's Army Leaps Into Unmanned Warfare: Bhairav, Shaktibaan Power Drone Revolution Amid Hybrid Conflicts

India's military landscape is undergoing a profound transformation as unmanned warfare emerges as the cornerstone of future conflicts. The Indian Army, recognising the proliferation of drone technologies even among smaller nations, is aggressively bridging critical capability gaps.

Central to this evolution are the newly operationalised Shaktibaan regiments and the elite Bhairav Commandos, both designed to dominate hybrid warfare scenarios through swarm drones, loitering munitions, and long-range unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

Drones have redefined modern battlefields, shifting emphasis from manned platforms to autonomous systems capable of precision strikes and persistent surveillance. For India, facing volatile borders with China and Pakistan, the imperative for robust anti-drone defences and offensive swarm capabilities has never been more acute. The Army's strategic pivot addresses this, integrating unmanned assets into artillery and infantry structures to counter hybrid threats that blend conventional and asymmetric tactics.

The Shaktibaan regiments represent a landmark development within the Regiment of Artillery. These units, with initial formations already operationalised, are slated for expansion to 15-20 regiments. Equipped with swarm drones, loitering munitions, and UAVs, they fill a vital void in striking targets between 50 and 500 kilometres. This range extension complements existing assets like the BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles for deeper engagements and the 120 km-range Pinaka rockets.

Procurement is accelerating under fast-track protocols. The Army plans to issue a tender imminently for 850 loitering munitions, complete with launchers, to arm the inaugural Shaktibaan regiment. Indian industry, pivotal to this indigenisation drive, is tasked with delivery within two years. This aligns with broader self-reliance goals, reducing dependence on foreign suppliers while scaling domestic manufacturing.

Complementing the Shaktibaan effort, the Regiment of Artillery will raise 35-40 Divyastra batteries. These artillery-embedded units will deploy diverse drones with lethal strike potential, enhancing divisional firepower. Together, these initiatives form a layered unmanned ecosystem, enabling rapid response to time-sensitive targets in contested environments.

A pool exceeding one lakh drone operatives underpins this expansion, with formations now receiving the necessary arsenal. Training emphasises seamless integration of drones into tactical operations, from reconnaissance to kinetic effects. This human-machine synergy ensures operators can exploit real-time intelligence for decisive advantage.

The infantry is not lagging behind. Each battalion is raising Ashmi platoons, tailored for modern warfare demands. These platoons incorporate drone-centric tactics, fostering agility at the smallest unit level. This bottom-up modernisation democratises unmanned capabilities across the force.

At the vanguard stands the Bhairav Commandos, a new Special Forces cadre providing operations at Corps Headquarters level. Every operative is drone-proficient, trained in surveillance systems for sensor fusion and communications, as well as attack drones for swift deployment. Their skill set includes rapid conversion of platforms from reconnaissance to strike modes, embodying the Army's unmanned warfare ethos.

Bhairav personnel wield specialised weaponry akin to elite global units. Armament includes AK-pattern automatic rifles for close-quarters dominance and Dragunov-type designated sniper rifles for precision engagements. Yet, their defining edge lies in drone mastery, turning individual soldiers into force multipliers in denied-access scenarios.

This restructuring bears the imprint of Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi, who has conceived a comprehensive force transformation. It confronts hybrid conflict head-on—where cyber intrusions, disinformation, and drone swarms converge with traditional artillery duels. By embedding unmanned systems across domains, the Army anticipates peer adversaries like China's PLA, known for its drone swarm doctrines.

Operational precedents underscore the efficacy of these assets. During Operation Sindoor, triggered by Pakistan's extension of hostilities, Indian forces deployed loitering munitions such as Nagastra, Sky Striker, Harpy, and Harop. These neutralized enemy bases and Pakistan Army installations, validating indigenous and allied systems in high-intensity combat.

The Shaktibaan and Bhairav frameworks extend this proven model. Loitering munitions, often dubbed "kamikaze drones," loiter over targets before self-destructing on impact, ideal for suppressing air defences or high-value assets. Swarm tactics amplify this, overwhelming enemy sensors through sheer numbers and coordinated attacks.

Long-range UAVs in Shaktibaan arsenals push boundaries further. Capable of 500 km strikes, they enable deep battles without risking manned platforms. Integration with artillery fire control systems promises synchronised salvos, where drones designate targets for Pinaka or BrahMos follow-ups.

Challenges persist, however. Electronic warfare threats demand resilient communications and anti-jamming tech. Supply chain robustness for expendable munitions is critical, given attrition rates in sustained operations. Yet, India's defence ecosystem—bolstered by firms like Tata Advanced Systems, Bharat Forge, and Adani Defence—positions it well for serial production.

Geopolitically, this leap counters regional imbalances. Pakistan's drone incursions and China's Himalayan deployments necessitate such countermeasures. Partnerships with Israel (Sky Striker origins) and the US enhance tech transfers, while indigenous Nagastra exemplifies Atmanirbharta.

Training regimens for Bhairav and Shaktibaan operatives are rigorous, spanning urban combat, high-altitude ops, and cyber-drone interfaces. Simulations replicate hybrid scenarios, honing swarm orchestration under contested spectrum dominance.

Looking ahead, these units herald a doctrinal shift towards unmanned primacy. By 2028, full operationalisation could field thousands of drones, reshaping force structures. The Army's investment signals confidence in dominating the "grey zone" conflicts of tomorrow.

Bhairav, Shaktibaan, and Divyastra embody India's mega leap into unmanned warfare. This artillery-led revolution, fused with special operations, equips the force to prevail in hybrid conflicts, securing strategic edges on multiple fronts.

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India Aims To Land Astronauts On Moon by 2040: Former ISRO Chief AS Kiran Kumar

India aims to achieve a landmark milestone in its space program by landing astronauts on the Moon by 2040, according to AS Kiran Kumar, the former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Speaking on Wednesday at the inauguration of the 5th Astronomical Society of India (ASI) Symposium, Kumar outlined an ambitious roadmap for the nation's cosmic endeavours.

Currently serving as chairman of the management council at the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Kumar emphasised that the period leading up to 2040 will feature a series of pivotal space missions. He highlighted India's determination to not only place its astronauts on the lunar surface but also ensure their safe return to Earth.

In addition to the manned lunar landing, Kumar revealed plans for India to establish its own space station by the same 2040 deadline. This dual achievement underscores the country's accelerating push towards self-reliant space infrastructure and sustained human presence beyond low Earth orbit.

During interactions with the media on the sidelines of the event at the PRL campus in Ahmedabad, Kumar provided further details on forthcoming missions. He mentioned an imminent Chandrayaan follow-on mission, building on the successes of previous lunar explorations like Chandrayaan-3, which made India the first nation to soft-land near the Moon's south pole.

Collaboration with Japan forms a key part of these efforts, with joint development underway for a sophisticated lander and rover. These technologies will target the South Polar region of the Moon, a scientifically rich area believed to hold water ice and other volatiles essential for future exploration.

Kumar stressed the importance of gathering targeted data from this lunar region, describing it as merely the starting point for expansive activities ahead. He affirmed India's steadfast commitment to space observation and deepening its understanding of the universe through systematic exploration.

Such initiatives, he noted, will create vast opportunities for academic institutions, engineering colleges, and private enterprises to participate actively. This inclusive approach promises to bolster India's space ecosystem, fostering innovation and technological spin-offs for broader societal gains.

In his address to scientists and students at the symposium's inaugural session, Kumar reflected on India's unique trajectory in space technology. He pointed out that the nation stands alone as the only country to have prioritised societal benefits over military applications from the outset of its space programme.

Kumar paid special tribute to Dr Vikram Sarabhai, the visionary founder of India's space efforts, whose contributions began when the country was just a decade into independence in 1957. Sarabhai's foresight laid the bedrock for ISRO's growth into a global space power.

This announcement from Kumar arrives at a time when India's space sector is experiencing rapid transformation. Recent triumphs, including the Aditya-L1 solar mission and successful GSLV launches, have elevated ISRO's profile, while private players like Skyroot Aerospace and Agnikul Cosmos are injecting fresh dynamism.

The 2040 lunar landing goal aligns with the vision articulated in India's Gaganyaan programme, the nation's first human spaceflight initiative slated for crewed missions by 2026. Building on this, the lunar ambition represents a quantum leap, demanding advancements in life support systems, propulsion, and re-entry technologies.

Developing a space station by 2040 further amplifies these challenges and opportunities. It would enable microgravity research, satellite servicing, and a platform for deeper space missions, positioning India alongside established players like the International Space Station partners.

International partnerships, such as the one with Japan, reflect a pragmatic strategy to leverage global expertise while advancing indigenous capabilities. Similar collaborations with NASA under the Artemis Accords and Russia's assistance in Gaganyaan training highlight India's growing diplomatic heft in space diplomacy.

Scientific focus on the Moon's South Pole is particularly strategic. Potential water resources there could support in-situ resource utilisation, producing oxygen, fuel, and water for astronauts, thereby reducing mission costs and enabling longer stays.

Kumar's remarks also signal a call to action for India's youth and academia. With events like the ASI Symposium drawing together experts and students, the symposium serves as a catalyst for inspiring the next generation of space professionals.

Private sector involvement could prove transformative, mirroring trends in the US and China. Companies in Bengaluru's growing aerospace hub, including those with defence ties like HAL and Tata Advanced Systems, stand poised to contribute modules, payloads, or even launch services.

Funding remains crucial, with the government allocating increased budgets to ISRO amid the push for Atmanirbhar Bharat in space. Recent approvals for the Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) and Bharatiya Antariksh Station will underpin these 2040 targets.

Challenges persist, including technological hurdles in human-rated spacecraft and radiation shielding for lunar voyages. Yet, ISRO's track record of cost-effective innovation—evident in the frugal yet flawless Chandrayaan-3—instils confidence in meeting these goals.

Geopolitically, a successful manned lunar mission would enhance India's stature amid rivalries with China, which landed taikonauts on the Moon in its own plans. It also strengthens India's role in the Quad framework, promoting a rules-based order in space.

Kumar's vision extends beyond hardware to philosophical underpinnings. By prioritising societal applications—from disaster management via satellites to telemedicine—India's space programme continues Sarabhai's legacy of harnessing technology for human welfare.

As the ASI Symposium unfolds, it reinforces the collaborative spirit essential for these ambitions. India's journey to the Moon by 2040 is not just a national quest but a beacon for emerging space nations worldwide.

This roadmap promises to redefine India's place in the cosmos, blending indigenous ingenuity with global partnerships to turn lunar dreams into reality.

Based On PTI Report

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SpaceX, ISRO Sync Rideshare And Constellation Launches

SpaceX has kicked off its 2026 launch schedule with a successful deployment of 29 Starlink satellites from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. This mission signals a year of intense orbital activity for the company.

It acts as a technical forerunner to a bustling week in the space sector. SpaceX is gearing up for a rideshare collaboration that dovetails with the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) PSLV-C62 mission, set for Monday, 12 January.

ISRO's PSLV-C62 will loft the primary EOS-N1 Earth observation satellite, accompanied by 18 secondary payloads, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre. The mission comes amid a leadership shift at ISRO, with V Narayanan taking the helm as Chairman in early 2025 to drive India's commercial launch ambitions.

A standout feature of PSLV-C62 is the repurposing of the PS4 fourth stage as an orbital platform. This will host the Kestrel Initial Demonstrator capsule, a joint effort with Spanish firm Orbital Paradigm.

SpaceX and ISRO are converging in the Sun-Synchronous Orbit (SSO) arena, where demand for precise Earth observation slots has swelled. Their rideshare coordination highlights a maturing global market for small satellites.

SpaceX's Transporter series addresses this backlog effectively. The recent Transporter-12 mission in early 2025 deployed 131 payloads, underscoring the company's high-volume approach. This partnership pits the Falcon 9's massive capacity against the PSLV's economical, targeted insertions. Commercial clients now enjoy flexible options tailored to their needs.

SSO orbits ensure satellites overfly specific Earth points at consistent local solar times. This uniformity aids Earth observation and weather missions by delivering reliable lighting for imaging.

The 4 January Starlink batch exploits SSO for enhanced laser cross-links. These boost network throughput as the constellation scales towards over 9,000 second-generation satellites.

ISRO is privatising production of its Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) and PSLV to ramp up cadence. This counters SpaceX's vertically integrated "Musk Stack" model.

Under President Gwynne Shotwell, SpaceX has slashed SSO costs via reusable boosters. Competitors like ISRO must innovate in propulsion and payload handling to stay competitive.

PSLV-C62 builds on proven successes, such as PSLV-C58 in early 2024. That flight supported scientific payloads like XPoSat alongside rideshares, affirming India's reliability.

January 2026 promises a launch flurry. Post-ISRO's 12 January lift-off, SpaceX plans two more Falcon-9 flights in the ensuing week to bolster Starlink v2-mini layers. These missions are vital for fulfilling global defence and civil bandwidth demands. Frequent SSO access will shorten deployment timelines for start-ups in Asia and North America.

The SpaceX-ISRO alignment exemplifies strategic cooperation amid rivalry. It fosters a rideshare ecosystem that democratises space entry.

As both organisations hone protocols, expect tighter schedules and broader participation. This bodes well for innovation in observation constellations and beyond. India's push under Narayanan positions ISRO as a commercial powerhouse. Pairing indigenous tech with international partners like Orbital Paradigm amplifies its reach.

SpaceX's Starlink expansion, meanwhile, prioritises resilience. Laser links in SSO ensure seamless data relay across expanding shells.

Global small satellite demand continues to surge, driven by defence, climate monitoring, and telecom needs. Rideshares like these missions meet it head-on. ISRO's PS4 platform innovation could inspire orbital experiments worldwide. Hosting demos like Kestrel paves the way for sustained microgravity research.

SpaceX's rapid reusability sets the pace, but PSLV's track record offers trust for precision payloads. Clients benefit from this dual-market dynamic.

Looking ahead, January's cadence foreshadows a packed 2026. Defence contracts will hinge on such reliable bandwidth growth. Emerging players in Bangalore's growing space hub, for instance, stand to gain from shorter orbits-to-market. This coordination accelerates regional tech transfer. SpaceX and ISRO's synergy underscores space's collaborative future. It balances competition with shared infrastructure for all.

Based On SatNews Report

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COAS General Upendra Dwivedi Eyes Deeper Defence Ties With Sri Lanka, Inspects Guard of Honour

Chief of Army Staff General Upendra Dwivedi reviewed a Guard of Honour at the Sri Lankan Army Headquarters in Colombo during his official visit on 7 January 2026. He engaged in discussions with Lieutenant General BKGM Lasantha Rodrigo, Commander of the Sri Lanka Army, focusing on strengthening bilateral defence cooperation and military-to-military ties.

The talks reaffirmed both nations' commitment to regional peace and security. On this occasion, General Dwivedi handed over military vehicles, ambulances, and training simulators to bolster defence collaboration and the enduring friendship between India and Sri Lanka.

General Dwivedi also interacted with Major General KW Jayaweera, Commandant of the Defence Services Command and Staff College (DSCSC). He witnessed the inauguration of the "Indo-Lanka Wisdom Corner" at the DSCSC library.

Addressing faculty and student officers, the COAS discussed the evolving global security landscape, the changing nature of modern warfare, and its operational implications. He underscored the Armed Forces' role in nation-building and the integration of niche and emerging technologies into military operations, urging officers to enhance their professional competence.

Earlier, General Dwivedi laid a wreath at the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) Memorial in Colombo, honouring soldiers who lost their lives during Operation Pawan. This visit follows his trip to the United Arab Emirates and aligns with Operation Sagar Bandhu, underscoring deepening India-Sri Lanka defence relations.

Based On ANI Report

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Jaishankar To French Counterpart: Partners Consult Closely Amid Global Turmoil

External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar held discussions with his French counterpart, Foreign Minister Jean-Noël Barrot, in Paris on Wednesday local time. This meeting underscores the deepening strategic partnership between India and France amid a backdrop of global uncertainty.

The two leaders focused on advancing bilateral cooperation and enhancing India-EU engagement, while exchanging views on pressing international developments.

Jaishankar emphasised that France ranks among India's oldest strategic partners, being the first such ally in Europe. He noted that their ongoing dialogue plays a vital role in nurturing this longstanding relationship. The minister highlighted how the current meeting occurs within a context of considerable global instability, making close consultations between strategic partners entirely natural.

The discussions aimed to propel forward a broad agenda of bilateral cooperation, including fresh ideas for implementing the Horizon 2047 Roadmap. New Delhi and Paris are leveraging various mechanisms across multiple domains to maximise their collaboration. Jaishankar described the exchange of perspectives on global and regional issues as highly productive.

Both nations remain highly active on the international stage. India chaired BRICS this year, while France led the G7. They share membership in the G20 and participate in numerous other global organisations. As countries committed to multipolarity, their joint efforts are crucial not only for bilateral ties but also for stabilising global politics.

Jaishankar expressed anticipation for an imminent visit by French President Emmanuel Macron to India. Preparations for this high-level engagement formed part of the agenda. The minister shared these insights via a post on X, providing public transparency on the outcomes.

This Paris rendezvous forms part of Jaishankar's two-nation tour. Earlier, he engaged with Luxembourg's Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs, Xavier Bettel, and Grand Duke Guillaume. He also connected with the Indian community in Luxembourg, reinforcing diaspora ties.

Looking ahead, Jaishankar is slated to address the 31st edition of the French Ambassadors' Conference as the Guest of Honour, according to the Ministry of External Affairs. This platform offers a chance to articulate India's foreign policy priorities to French diplomatic circles. Such interactions highlight India's proactive diplomacy in Europe.

The timing of these engagements reflects broader geopolitical dynamics. With uncertainties ranging from regional conflicts to economic shifts, India-France consultations gain added significance. Their partnership extends beyond diplomacy into defence, trade, and technology, bolstered by shared commitments to strategic autonomy.

France's role as a key defence supplier to India, including Rafale jets and Scorpene submarines, underpins this alliance. Recent collaborations in space and renewable energy further diversify ties. Jaishankar's remarks on multipolarity align with India's vision of a balanced global order, countering unilateral dominance.

Elevating India-EU relations remains a priority, with the Horizon 2047 Roadmap charting long-term goals. This framework encompasses trade, digital cooperation, and climate action. The ministers' talks likely addressed hurdles like non-tariff barriers and supply chain resilience.

Jaishankar's European itinerary demonstrates India's multi-alignment strategy. Balancing ties with G7 nations while leading BRICS exemplifies this approach. France, as a bridge between Europe and the Indo-Pacific, supports India's outreach.

The Jaishankar-Barrot meeting reaffirms the robustness of India-France strategic partnership. It signals readiness to navigate global challenges collaboratively, paving the way for President Macron's visit and deeper EU integration.

Based On ANI Report

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Indian Ambassador Vinay Mohan Kwatra Meets US Speaker Mike Johnson, Discusses Strengthening Strategic Partnership

Indian Ambassador to the United States, Vinay Mohan Kwatra, met US House Speaker Mike Johnson at Capitol Hill on Tuesday to discuss bolstering the India-US strategic partnership.

In a post on X, Ambassador Kwatra expressed honour at the meeting, noting his appreciation for Speaker Johnson's support in strengthening bilateral ties between the world's two largest democracies.

Kwatra thanked Johnson for his solidarity following the terrorist attack in Pahalgam in April 2025, reiterating India's resolute stance against terrorism and the shared commitment to counter it in all forms.

The discussions covered key partnership areas, including defence and security, oil and gas trade, and technology such as artificial intelligence, highlighting the expanding scope of collaboration.

Ambassador Kwatra also addressed ongoing trade negotiations, emphasising efforts towards a fair, balanced, and mutually beneficial deal.

Earlier, he visited IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Centre, where he explored cutting-edge quantum computing research and discussed IBM's growing presence in India alongside the National Quantum Mission's focus on world-class collaborations and innovation hubs.

Based On ANI Report

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Ambassador Kwatra Visits IBM Research Center, Discusses National Quantum Mission

Indian Ambassador to the United States, Vinay Mohan Kwatra, visited the IBM Thomas J Watson Research Centre Think Lab in Washington DC. During the visit, he witnessed cutting-edge research in quantum computing and discussed IBM's expanding presence in India.

Ambassador Kwatra highlighted India's National Quantum Mission (NQM), a key government initiative approved on 19 April 2023. Spanning 2023-24 to 2030-31 with a budget of ₹6,003.65 crore, the mission seeks to position India as a global leader in quantum technology through research collaborations and innovation hubs.

The NQM aims to harness quantum advancements for innovation, national security, and industrial growth across sectors. Kwatra emphasised dedicated steps to foster world-class partnerships.

In a related engagement, he met Professor Yann Le Cun, a leading AI researcher. They discussed the future of artificial intelligence and India's priorities in leveraging AI for domestic development.

Earlier, in November 2025, Kwatra met Congressman Jay Obernolte to bolster India-US cooperation in science, technology, AI, and innovation. He also conversed with Francis Pedraza of Invisible Technologies on evolving tech landscapes, noting Pedraza's Eternity Civilization Foundation project to translate ancient Nalanda library texts using AI.

Based On ANI Report

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Trump Boasts Ending 8 Wars, Slams Norway For Snubbing Nobel Peace Prize

US President Donald Trump has made bold claims about his foreign policy achievements, asserting that he "single-handedly ENDED 8 WARS" during his leadership. In a lengthy post on Truth Social, Trump linked his diplomatic record directly to what he describes as a rebuilt American military that now commands global respect.

Trump expressed frustration over being denied the Nobel Peace Prize, accusing Norway—the host nation of the ceremony—of making a "foolish" decision. He maintained that while the award "doesn't matter," he believes he deserved recognition for saving "millions of lives" through his peace efforts. Notably, Trump referred to the honour as the "Noble Peace Prize" in his message.

The President tied his foreign policy successes to enhanced US military strength, claiming it restored deterrence and earned fear and respect from major adversaries. "The only Nation that China and Russia fear and respect is the rebuilt U.S.A.," Trump wrote emphatically, crediting his administration with preventing broader conflicts worldwide.

Trump has long argued he merits the Nobel Peace Prize for diplomatic breakthroughs, particularly his Middle East initiatives during his first term. He frequently contrasts his record with that of previous recipients, positioning himself as a uniquely effective peacemaker.

In the same post, Trump renewed criticisms of NATO allies, alleging several member states failed to meet their defence spending commitments until he applied pressure. He claimed contributions surged only after his intervention, after years of the United States "foolishly paying for them."

Trump specifically called out Norway as a founding NATO member that benefits from American security guarantees while, in his view, withholding deserved recognition for his peace-preserving role. This combination of gratitude and grievance underscores his narrative of US sacrifice for European security.

The President made sweeping assertions about Russia and NATO dynamics, claiming Moscow holds no fear of the alliance without robust US backing. He credited himself with preventing a complete Russian takeover of Ukraine, warning that without his involvement, "Russia would have all of Ukraine right now."

Trump emphasised his signature all-caps style throughout the post, declaring that "Russia and China have zero fear of NATO without the United States." He questioned whether NATO would reciprocate by defending America if threatened, reinforcing his "America First" worldview.

Throughout his political career, Trump has consistently highlighted military rebuilding as central to his national security strategy. He argues this transformation not only deterred adversaries but also compelled allies to contribute fairly to collective defence.

The Truth Social post comes amid ongoing global tensions, with Trump positioning himself as the indispensable leader who maintains peace through strength. His remarks about Norway coincide with heightened transatlantic debates over burden-sharing and recognition for American leadership.

Trump's claim of ending eight wars represents one of his most expansive assertions yet, though he provided no specific details about these conflicts in the post. The statement aligns with his broader narrative of unprecedented peacemaking achievements.

Norway's Nobel Committee has faced Trump's criticism before, particularly after awarding the prize to others during his tenure. The President's latest comments revive this grievance while framing it within his accomplishments in military modernisation and alliance reform.

The post also reflects Trump's ongoing preoccupation with personal validation alongside policy substance. By invoking the Nobel alongside war-ending claims and NATO reforms, he constructs a comprehensive case for his foreign policy legacy.

As Washington navigates complex international relationships, Trump's message serves multiple purposes: rallying his domestic base, pressuring allies, warning adversaries, and reinforcing his self-image as history's most consequential peacemaker.

The timing of the Truth Social outburst—amid routine White House business—demonstrates Trump's preference for direct communication over traditional channels. His unfiltered style ensures maximum visibility while bypassing media interpretation.

While specific reactions from Norway or NATO headquarters remain pending, Trump's post guarantees continued transatlantic discussion about burden-sharing, military strength, and appropriate recognition for American leadership in global security.

Based On ANI Report

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US, Denmark To Discuss Greenland Next Week, Says US Secretary of State Marco Rubio

US Secretary of State Marco Rubio has announced plans to meet Danish officials next week to address escalating tensions over Greenland, following renewed demands from President Donald Trump for US control of the strategic Arctic island.

The proposed discussions stem from a request by Danish Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen and Greenland's Foreign Minister Vivian Motzfeldt, who seek to clarify misunderstandings amid Trump's assertive rhetoric.

Trump stated on Tuesday that "US military is always an option" to secure Greenland, citing rising threats from China and Russia in the Arctic region, though Rubio has emphasised the administration's preference for purchase over force.

Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen warned that any US military action against Greenland would spell the end of NATO and decades of post-Second World War security, a stance echoed in a joint statement from European leaders upholding territorial integrity.

Greenland, a self-governing Danish territory and NATO member, holds critical geopolitical value due to its position guarding North Atlantic and Arctic approaches to North America, amplifying US security concerns.

Previous Danish requests for talks with US counterparts had gone unanswered, but Rubio's confirmation during a Capitol Hill briefing signals a potential diplomatic avenue to defuse the spat.

Lawmakers like Lars-Christian Brask, vice-chair of Denmark's foreign policy committee, view the meeting as an opportunity to correct misinformation and reiterate that Greenland remains not for sale.

The row has intensified post-US military action in Venezuela, with Trump linking Arctic dominance to broader strategic imperatives against adversarial powers.

Rubio's closed-door remarks to US lawmakers underscored intentions to acquire the world's largest island peacefully, yet the White House has refrained from ruling out military means entirely.

European apprehension mounts as Trump's revival of the issue strains transatlantic ties, with Denmark pinning hopes on the Washington talks to reset relations.

Greenlandic officials expressed frustration over perceived mis-readings of the island's status, aiming through the dialogue to affirm its autonomy under Danish sovereignty.

Republican senators acknowledge Greenland's strategic merits but have distanced themselves from endorsing force, aligning with Rubio's diplomatic overtures.

The timing aligns with broader US Arctic ambitions, as melting ice opens new shipping lanes and resource opportunities contested by Moscow and Beijing. Danish media and officials frame the Rubio meeting as a pragmatic step to avoid escalation, potentially averting a rupture in NATO cohesion.

Should negotiations falter, analysts warn of deepened alliance fissures, compelling Europe to reassess reliance on US security guarantees in the high north.

Agencies

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US Forces Seize Russia-Flagged Oil Tanker In Atlantic After Dramatic Chase

The United States has seized a Russian-flagged oil tanker named Marinera in the North Atlantic following a dramatic two-week pursuit. The operation targeted the vessel amid reports of Russian naval forces attempting to provide escort protection. This action underscores escalating tensions over sanctions enforcement against ships linked to illicit oil trade.

The tanker, originally known as Bella 1, faced US sanctions in 2024 for its involvement in transporting oil from sanctioned entities. It had been en route from Iran to Venezuela but altered course abruptly to evade a US blockade near Venezuelan waters. On the day of the seizure, Marinera slowed its speed and changed direction, as tracked by marine traffic data.

US forces, including the Coast Guard, executed the boarding with support from the Justice Department, Homeland Security, and Defence Department. The US military's European Command confirmed the operation on X, linking it to President Trump's proclamation against sanctioned vessels threatening Western Hemisphere security. Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth reinforced this by declaring the blockade on illicit Venezuelan oil fully operational worldwide.

Russia's Foreign Ministry responded swiftly, urging the US to treat Russian crew members humanely and respect their rights. The Ministry of Transport invoked the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, arguing that no state may use force against duly registered foreign vessels. Although the US has not ratified the convention, it typically adheres to its provisions as customary international law.

The United Kingdom provided enabling support to the US effort. The UK Ministry of Defence stated that its armed forces offered pre-planned operational assistance to US assets interdicting the tanker in the UK-Iceland-Greenland gap. Surveillance flights from US bases in Iceland and British assets monitored the vessel in the preceding days.

No Russian naval vessels were present when US Coast Guard personnel boarded Marinera, averting a potential confrontation, according to The New York Times. Russian state broadcaster RT released grainy images of a helicopter approaching the ship, while Reuters cited US officials confirming the boarding attempt.

This marks the second recent US interception of a Venezuela-linked tanker. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem announced on X that Coast Guard teams conducted back-to-back boardings of Marinera in the North Atlantic and another vessel, Motor Tanker Sophia, near the Caribbean. Both had recent ties to Venezuela, forming part of a "ghost fleet" evading sanctions.

The tanker's history includes a prior failed US boarding attempt in December near Venezuela, which the crew repelled. Shortly afterwards, crews painted a Russian flag on the hull and registered it officially with Moscow. Russia issued a diplomatic protest, demanding an end to the pursuit.

Noem emphasised the resolve behind these operations, warning global criminals that evasion is futile. She framed the actions as essential to disrupting narco-terrorism funding through illicit oil revenues. The seizures highlight a coordinated, whole-of-government strategy to enforce sanctions globally.

The incident occurs against a backdrop of heightened US efforts to curb oil flows supporting adversarial regimes. Venezuela's oil trade, often routed through shadowy networks involving Iran and Russia, has long drawn Western scrutiny. This operation extends enforcement far beyond regional waters, into the Atlantic.

Russian media portrayed the event as an aggressive US overreach, with Tass amplifying official protests. Yet, the absence of escort ships suggests Moscow's protective measures fell short. Analysts note this as a rare instance of direct action against a major power's flagged vessel since the Cold War era.

The US proclamation targets ships undermining hemispheric stability, particularly those aiding Venezuela's Maduro regime. By re-registering under Russia, Marinera sought legal cover, but Washington views such tactics as sanctions circumvention. Future boarding could test naval diplomacy further.

Intercepted tankers like Marinera and Sophia typically carry heavy fuel oil or derivatives, funding state coffers amid economic isolation. US officials link these shipments to broader networks financing terrorism and regime survival. The operations disrupt this lifeline without direct military confrontation.

British involvement signals allied coordination in maritime interdiction. The UK-Iceland-Greenland gap, a chokepoint for transatlantic shipping, proved strategically vital. Pre-planned support minimised risks while maximising surveillance efficacy.

As Marinera heads to an undisclosed destination under US control, questions linger over crew treatment and legal proceedings. Russia may escalate via diplomatic channels or UN forums. For now, the seizure bolsters US credibility in sanctions enforcement, sending a clear message to shadow fleets worldwide.

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